Câu hỏi: Cho $\int\limits_{-2}^{2}{f(\sqrt{{{x}^{2}}+5}-x)dx=1}$, $\int\limits_{1}^{5}{\dfrac{f(x)}{{{x}^{2}}}dx=3}$. Giá trị của $\int\limits_{1}^{5}{f(x)dx}$ bằng:
A. $13.$
B. $-13.$
C. $16.$
D. $-16.$
A. $13.$
B. $-13.$
C. $16.$
D. $-16.$
- Xét $I=\int\limits_{-2}^{2}{f(\sqrt{{{x}^{2}}+5}-x)dx=1}$
Đặt $t=\sqrt{{{x}^{2}}+5}-x$
$\Leftrightarrow t+x=\sqrt{{{x}^{2}}+5}\Rightarrow {{(t+x)}^{2}}={{x}^{2}}+5\Leftrightarrow {{t}^{2}}+2xt+{{x}^{2}}={{x}^{2}}+5$
$\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{5-{{t}^{2}}}{2t}\Rightarrow dx=-\left( \dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{5}{2{{t}^{2}}} \right)dt$
Khi $x=-2\Rightarrow t=5,x=2\Rightarrow t=1$
Ta có $I=\int\limits_{1}^{5}{f(t)\left( \dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{5}{2{{t}^{2}}} \right)dt=\int\limits_{1}^{5}{f(x)\left( \dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{5}{2{{x}^{2}}} \right)dx=}1}$
$\begin{aligned}
& \Leftrightarrow \dfrac{1}{2}\int\limits_{1}^{5}{f(x)dx}+\dfrac{5}{2}\int\limits_{1}^{5}{\dfrac{f(x)}{{{x}^{2}}}dx=}1 \\
& \Leftrightarrow \dfrac{1}{2}\int\limits_{1}^{5}{f(x)dx}=1-\dfrac{5}{2}.3=-\dfrac{13}{2} \\
& \Rightarrow \int\limits_{1}^{5}{f(x)dx}=-13 \\
\end{aligned}$
Đặt $t=\sqrt{{{x}^{2}}+5}-x$
$\Leftrightarrow t+x=\sqrt{{{x}^{2}}+5}\Rightarrow {{(t+x)}^{2}}={{x}^{2}}+5\Leftrightarrow {{t}^{2}}+2xt+{{x}^{2}}={{x}^{2}}+5$
$\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{5-{{t}^{2}}}{2t}\Rightarrow dx=-\left( \dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{5}{2{{t}^{2}}} \right)dt$
Khi $x=-2\Rightarrow t=5,x=2\Rightarrow t=1$
Ta có $I=\int\limits_{1}^{5}{f(t)\left( \dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{5}{2{{t}^{2}}} \right)dt=\int\limits_{1}^{5}{f(x)\left( \dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{5}{2{{x}^{2}}} \right)dx=}1}$
$\begin{aligned}
& \Leftrightarrow \dfrac{1}{2}\int\limits_{1}^{5}{f(x)dx}+\dfrac{5}{2}\int\limits_{1}^{5}{\dfrac{f(x)}{{{x}^{2}}}dx=}1 \\
& \Leftrightarrow \dfrac{1}{2}\int\limits_{1}^{5}{f(x)dx}=1-\dfrac{5}{2}.3=-\dfrac{13}{2} \\
& \Rightarrow \int\limits_{1}^{5}{f(x)dx}=-13 \\
\end{aligned}$
Đáp án B.