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Câu hỏi: Cho dãy các chất sau: ${{\text{H}}_{2}}\text{NC}{{\text{H}}_{2}}\text{COOCH},\text{Cl}{{\text{H}}_{3}}\text{NC}{{\text{H}}_{2}}\text{COOH}\text{,C}{{\text{H}}_{3}}\text{N}{{\text{H}}_{3}}\text{OOCC}{{\text{H}}_{3}},{{\text{C}}_{6}}{{\text{H}}_{5}}\text{N}{{\text{H}}_{2}},{{\text{H}}_{2}}\text{N}{{\text{C}}_{2}}{{\text{H}}_{4}}\text{CONHC}{{\text{H}}_{2}}\text{COON}{{\text{H}}_{3}}{{\text{C}}_{2}}{{\text{H}}_{5}}.$ Số chất trong dãy tác dụng được với dung dịch NaOH đun nóng là
A. 3.
B. 4.
C. 2.
D. 1.
A. 3.
B. 4.
C. 2.
D. 1.
Phương pháp:
Các chất có nhóm –COO- ; -COOH; -CONH- trong cấu tạo có phản ứng với dd NaOH đun nóng.
Hướng dẫn giải:
Số chất tác dụng được với dd NaOH đun nóng là: ${{\text{H}}_{2}}\text{NC}{{\text{H}}_{2}}\text{COOC}{{\text{H}}_{3}},\text{Cl}{{\text{H}}_{3}}\text{NC}{{\text{H}}_{2}}\text{COOH}$
$\text{C}{{\text{H}}_{3}}\text{N}{{\text{H}}_{3}}\text{OOCC}{{\text{H}}_{3}},{{\text{H}}_{2}}\text{N}{{\text{C}}_{2}}{{\text{H}}_{4}}\text{CONHC}{{\text{H}}_{2}}\text{COON}{{\text{H}}_{3}}{{\text{C}}_{2}}{{\text{H}}_{5}}\Rightarrow $ có 4 chất
PTHH: ${{\text{H}}_{2}}\text{NC}{{\text{H}}_{2}}\text{COOC}{{\text{H}}_{3}}+\text{NaOH}\to {{\text{H}}_{2}}\text{NC}{{\text{H}}_{2}}\text{COONa}+\text{C}{{\text{H}}_{3}}\text{OH}$
$\text{Cl}{{\text{H}}_{3}}\text{NC}{{\text{H}}_{2}}\text{COOH}+2\text{NaOH}\to \text{NaCl}+{{\text{H}}_{2}}\text{NC}{{\text{H}}_{2}}\text{COONa}+2{{\text{H}}_{2}}\text{O}$
$\text{C}{{\text{H}}_{3}}\text{N}{{\text{H}}_{3}}\text{OOCC}{{\text{H}}_{3}}+\text{NaOH}\to \text{C}{{\text{H}}_{3}}\text{N}{{\text{H}}_{2}}+\text{C}{{\text{H}}_{3}}\text{COONa}+{{\text{H}}_{2}}O$
$\begin{array}{*{35}{l}}
{{\text{H}}_{2}}\text{N}{{\text{C}}_{2}}{{\text{H}}_{4}}\text{CONHC}{{\text{H}}_{2}}\text{COON}{{\text{H}}_{3}}{{\text{C}}_{2}}{{\text{H}}_{5}}+2\text{NaOH}\to {{\text{H}}_{2}}\text{N}{{\text{C}}_{2}}{{\text{H}}_{4}}\text{COONa}+\text{N}{{\text{H}}_{2}}\text{C}{{\text{H}}_{2}}\text{COONa}+{{\text{C}}_{2}}{{\text{H}}_{5}}\text{N}{{\text{H}}_{2}}+ \\
2{{\text{H}}_{2}}\text{O} \\
\end{array}$
Các chất có nhóm –COO- ; -COOH; -CONH- trong cấu tạo có phản ứng với dd NaOH đun nóng.
Hướng dẫn giải:
Số chất tác dụng được với dd NaOH đun nóng là: ${{\text{H}}_{2}}\text{NC}{{\text{H}}_{2}}\text{COOC}{{\text{H}}_{3}},\text{Cl}{{\text{H}}_{3}}\text{NC}{{\text{H}}_{2}}\text{COOH}$
$\text{C}{{\text{H}}_{3}}\text{N}{{\text{H}}_{3}}\text{OOCC}{{\text{H}}_{3}},{{\text{H}}_{2}}\text{N}{{\text{C}}_{2}}{{\text{H}}_{4}}\text{CONHC}{{\text{H}}_{2}}\text{COON}{{\text{H}}_{3}}{{\text{C}}_{2}}{{\text{H}}_{5}}\Rightarrow $ có 4 chất
PTHH: ${{\text{H}}_{2}}\text{NC}{{\text{H}}_{2}}\text{COOC}{{\text{H}}_{3}}+\text{NaOH}\to {{\text{H}}_{2}}\text{NC}{{\text{H}}_{2}}\text{COONa}+\text{C}{{\text{H}}_{3}}\text{OH}$
$\text{Cl}{{\text{H}}_{3}}\text{NC}{{\text{H}}_{2}}\text{COOH}+2\text{NaOH}\to \text{NaCl}+{{\text{H}}_{2}}\text{NC}{{\text{H}}_{2}}\text{COONa}+2{{\text{H}}_{2}}\text{O}$
$\text{C}{{\text{H}}_{3}}\text{N}{{\text{H}}_{3}}\text{OOCC}{{\text{H}}_{3}}+\text{NaOH}\to \text{C}{{\text{H}}_{3}}\text{N}{{\text{H}}_{2}}+\text{C}{{\text{H}}_{3}}\text{COONa}+{{\text{H}}_{2}}O$
$\begin{array}{*{35}{l}}
{{\text{H}}_{2}}\text{N}{{\text{C}}_{2}}{{\text{H}}_{4}}\text{CONHC}{{\text{H}}_{2}}\text{COON}{{\text{H}}_{3}}{{\text{C}}_{2}}{{\text{H}}_{5}}+2\text{NaOH}\to {{\text{H}}_{2}}\text{N}{{\text{C}}_{2}}{{\text{H}}_{4}}\text{COONa}+\text{N}{{\text{H}}_{2}}\text{C}{{\text{H}}_{2}}\text{COONa}+{{\text{C}}_{2}}{{\text{H}}_{5}}\text{N}{{\text{H}}_{2}}+ \\
2{{\text{H}}_{2}}\text{O} \\
\end{array}$
Đáp án B.