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Câu hỏi: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 44 to 50.
Are there gender differences in the way boys and girls learn? This is a question that parents, teachers and educational psychologists have asked themselves for many years. For some time, people thought that some differences between boys and girls result from differences in the way they are raised. For example, parents often give young boys trucks to play with, while young girls get to play with dolls. But cross-cultural studies have shown that giving toy trucks to girls and dolls to boys didn't change essential differences in their personalities. Many researchers agree that there are natural male-female differences, including differences in learning styles.
A high school choir director tells a significant story about learning style differences. With the girls, he'll begin teaching a new song by sharing a story about why the composer wrote the song or who it was written for. "Giving the girls some context, telling them a story about the piece, gets them interested. The boys are just the opposite," he said. "If you start talking like that with the boys, they'll start looking at their watches, and they will start getting restless. Then one of them will say, ‘Can we please just learn the song?’"
Another difference in learning styles is the way boys and girls relate to teachers. Most girls want to study hard so that they can please their teachers. Girls are usually more interested than boys in trying to please adults. Pleasing adults is not a strong motivation for most boys, however. Boys are usually less interested in studying unless the material they are studying is really interesting to them.
Girls and boys also react differently to abortive learning experiences. Girls tend to think that if they fail in something, they have disappointed their teachers and parents. When boys fail a test or a class, however, they don't see their failures as having any wider implications. They failed the test; they failed the class. That's all it means for them.
In studies of students' report-card grades, researchers found that girls generally do better than boys in all subjects and in all age groups. But interestingly, this does not make girls more self-confident than boys. Girls tend to have higher standards for themselves and to judge their performance more critically than boys do. And boys tend to have unrealistically high estimations of their own academic abilities and accomplishments.
A. Failures communicate more meaning to girls than to boys.
B. Boys make good judgments about their learning abilities.
C. Girls' academic performance is often better than that of boys.
D. Toy types cannot change key male - female differences.
Are there gender differences in the way boys and girls learn? This is a question that parents, teachers and educational psychologists have asked themselves for many years. For some time, people thought that some differences between boys and girls result from differences in the way they are raised. For example, parents often give young boys trucks to play with, while young girls get to play with dolls. But cross-cultural studies have shown that giving toy trucks to girls and dolls to boys didn't change essential differences in their personalities. Many researchers agree that there are natural male-female differences, including differences in learning styles.
A high school choir director tells a significant story about learning style differences. With the girls, he'll begin teaching a new song by sharing a story about why the composer wrote the song or who it was written for. "Giving the girls some context, telling them a story about the piece, gets them interested. The boys are just the opposite," he said. "If you start talking like that with the boys, they'll start looking at their watches, and they will start getting restless. Then one of them will say, ‘Can we please just learn the song?’"
Another difference in learning styles is the way boys and girls relate to teachers. Most girls want to study hard so that they can please their teachers. Girls are usually more interested than boys in trying to please adults. Pleasing adults is not a strong motivation for most boys, however. Boys are usually less interested in studying unless the material they are studying is really interesting to them.
Girls and boys also react differently to abortive learning experiences. Girls tend to think that if they fail in something, they have disappointed their teachers and parents. When boys fail a test or a class, however, they don't see their failures as having any wider implications. They failed the test; they failed the class. That's all it means for them.
In studies of students' report-card grades, researchers found that girls generally do better than boys in all subjects and in all age groups. But interestingly, this does not make girls more self-confident than boys. Girls tend to have higher standards for themselves and to judge their performance more critically than boys do. And boys tend to have unrealistically high estimations of their own academic abilities and accomplishments.
(Adapted from Strategic Reading 2 by Jack C. Richards and Samuela Eckstut-Didier)
Which of the following is NOT true about boys and girls in the passage?A. Failures communicate more meaning to girls than to boys.
B. Boys make good judgments about their learning abilities.
C. Girls' academic performance is often better than that of boys.
D. Toy types cannot change key male - female differences.
Điều nào sau đây KHÔNG đúng về con trai và con gái trong đoạn văn?
A. Thất bại mang nhiều ý nghĩa hơn đối với học sinh nữ so với học sinh nam.
B. Các bạn nam đánh giá tốt về khả năng học tập của mình.
C. Kết quả học tập của học sinh nữ thường tốt hơn học sinh nam.
D. Các loại đồ chơi không thể thay đổi sự khác biệt chính giữa nam và nữ.
Thông tin:
+ Girls tend to think that if they fail in something, they have disappointed their teachers and parents. When boys fail a test or a class, however, they don't see their failures as having any wider implications.
(Học sinh nữ có xu hướng nghĩ rằng nếu họ thất bại trong một việc gì đó, họ đã làm thầy cô và cha mẹ thất vọng. Tuy nhiên, khi các cậu bé trượt một bài kiểm tra hoặc một lớp học, chúng không coi những thất bại của mình có bất kỳ hệ lụy nào lớn hơn.)
→ A đúng
+ In studies of students' report-card grades, researchers found that girls generally do better than boys in all subjects and in all age groups.
(Trong các nghiên cứu về điểm học bạ của học sinh, các nhà nghiên cứu phát hiện ra rằng học sinh nữ thường học tốt hơn học sinh nam trong tất cả các môn học và ở mọi lứa tuổi.)
→ C đúng
+ But cross-cultural studies have shown that giving toy trucks to girls and dolls to boys didn't change essential differences in their personalities. (Nhưng các nghiên cứu đa văn hóa đã chỉ ra rằng việc tặng xe tải đồ chơi cho bé gái và búp bê cho bé trai không làm thay đổi những khác biệt cơ bản trong tính cách của chúng.)
→ D đúng
+ And boys tend to have unrealistically high estimations of their own academic abilities and accomplishments. (Và học sinh nam có xu hướng đánh giá cao một cách phi thực tế về khả năng và thành tích học tập của chính mình.)
→ B sai
A. Thất bại mang nhiều ý nghĩa hơn đối với học sinh nữ so với học sinh nam.
B. Các bạn nam đánh giá tốt về khả năng học tập của mình.
C. Kết quả học tập của học sinh nữ thường tốt hơn học sinh nam.
D. Các loại đồ chơi không thể thay đổi sự khác biệt chính giữa nam và nữ.
Thông tin:
+ Girls tend to think that if they fail in something, they have disappointed their teachers and parents. When boys fail a test or a class, however, they don't see their failures as having any wider implications.
(Học sinh nữ có xu hướng nghĩ rằng nếu họ thất bại trong một việc gì đó, họ đã làm thầy cô và cha mẹ thất vọng. Tuy nhiên, khi các cậu bé trượt một bài kiểm tra hoặc một lớp học, chúng không coi những thất bại của mình có bất kỳ hệ lụy nào lớn hơn.)
→ A đúng
+ In studies of students' report-card grades, researchers found that girls generally do better than boys in all subjects and in all age groups.
(Trong các nghiên cứu về điểm học bạ của học sinh, các nhà nghiên cứu phát hiện ra rằng học sinh nữ thường học tốt hơn học sinh nam trong tất cả các môn học và ở mọi lứa tuổi.)
→ C đúng
+ But cross-cultural studies have shown that giving toy trucks to girls and dolls to boys didn't change essential differences in their personalities. (Nhưng các nghiên cứu đa văn hóa đã chỉ ra rằng việc tặng xe tải đồ chơi cho bé gái và búp bê cho bé trai không làm thay đổi những khác biệt cơ bản trong tính cách của chúng.)
→ D đúng
+ And boys tend to have unrealistically high estimations of their own academic abilities and accomplishments. (Và học sinh nam có xu hướng đánh giá cao một cách phi thực tế về khả năng và thành tích học tập của chính mình.)
→ B sai
Đáp án B.