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Câu hỏi: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
There are many theories about the beginning of drama in ancient Greece. The one most widely accepted today is based on the assumption that drama evolved from ritual. The argument for this view goes as follows. In the beginning, human beings viewed the natural forces of the world, even the seasonal changes, as unpredictable, and they sought, through various means, to control these unknown and feared powers. Those measures which appeared to bring the desired results were then retained and repeated until they hardened into fixed rituals. Eventually stories arose which explained or veiled the mysteries of the rites. As time passed some rituals were abandoned, but the stories, later called myths, persisted and provided material for art and drama.
Those who believed that drama evolved out of ritual also argue that those rites contained the seed of theater because music, dance, masks, and costumes were almost always used. Furthermore, a suitable site hard to be provided for the performances, and when the entire community did not participate, a clear division was usually made between the "acting areas and the "auditorium". In addition, there were performers, and since considerable importance was attached to avoiding mistakes in the enactment of rites, religious leaders usually assumed that task. Wearing masks and costumes, they often impersonated other people, animals, or supernatural beings, and mimed the desired effect- success in hunt or battle, the coming rain, the revival of the Sun as an actor might. Eventually such dramatic representations were separated from religious activities.
Another theory traces the theater's origin from the human interest in storytelling. According to this view, tales (about the hunt, war or other feats) are gradually elaborated, at first through the use of impersonation, action, and dialogue by a narrator and then through the assumption of each of the roles by a different person. A closely related theory traces theater to those dances that are primarily rhythmical and gymnastic or that are imitation of animal movements and sounds.
According to the passage, what is the main difference between ritual and drama?
A. Ritual requires fewer performers than drama.
B. Ritual is shorter than drama.
C. Ritual uses music whereas drama does not.
D. Ritual has a religious purpose and drama does not.
There are many theories about the beginning of drama in ancient Greece. The one most widely accepted today is based on the assumption that drama evolved from ritual. The argument for this view goes as follows. In the beginning, human beings viewed the natural forces of the world, even the seasonal changes, as unpredictable, and they sought, through various means, to control these unknown and feared powers. Those measures which appeared to bring the desired results were then retained and repeated until they hardened into fixed rituals. Eventually stories arose which explained or veiled the mysteries of the rites. As time passed some rituals were abandoned, but the stories, later called myths, persisted and provided material for art and drama.
Those who believed that drama evolved out of ritual also argue that those rites contained the seed of theater because music, dance, masks, and costumes were almost always used. Furthermore, a suitable site hard to be provided for the performances, and when the entire community did not participate, a clear division was usually made between the "acting areas and the "auditorium". In addition, there were performers, and since considerable importance was attached to avoiding mistakes in the enactment of rites, religious leaders usually assumed that task. Wearing masks and costumes, they often impersonated other people, animals, or supernatural beings, and mimed the desired effect- success in hunt or battle, the coming rain, the revival of the Sun as an actor might. Eventually such dramatic representations were separated from religious activities.
Another theory traces the theater's origin from the human interest in storytelling. According to this view, tales (about the hunt, war or other feats) are gradually elaborated, at first through the use of impersonation, action, and dialogue by a narrator and then through the assumption of each of the roles by a different person. A closely related theory traces theater to those dances that are primarily rhythmical and gymnastic or that are imitation of animal movements and sounds.
According to the passage, what is the main difference between ritual and drama?
A. Ritual requires fewer performers than drama.
B. Ritual is shorter than drama.
C. Ritual uses music whereas drama does not.
D. Ritual has a religious purpose and drama does not.
Kiến thức: Đọc hiểu
Giải thích: Theo bài văn, điểm khác chính giữa nghi lễ và kịch là gì?
A. Nghi lễ cần ít người biểu diễn hơn kịch.
B. Nghi lễ thì ngắn hơn kịch.
C. Nghi lễ sử dụng nhạc trong khi kích thì không.
D. Nghi lễ có mục đích tôn giáo và kịch thì không.
Thông tin: Wearing masks and costumes, they often impersonated other people, animals, or supernatural beings, and mimed the desired effect- success in hunt or battle, the coming rain, the revival of the Sun as an actor might. Eventually such dramatic representations were separated from religious activities.
Tạm dịch: Đeo mặt nạ và trang phục, họ cải trang thành người khác, động vật hoặc sinh vật siêu nhiên và mô phỏng hiệu quả mong muốn - săn bắn hay chiến đấu, cơn mưa sắp tới, sự hồi sinh của Mặt trời như một diễn viên. Cuối cùng, những đại diện kịch tính như vậy đã được tách ra khỏi các hoạt động tôn giáo.
Giải thích: Theo bài văn, điểm khác chính giữa nghi lễ và kịch là gì?
A. Nghi lễ cần ít người biểu diễn hơn kịch.
B. Nghi lễ thì ngắn hơn kịch.
C. Nghi lễ sử dụng nhạc trong khi kích thì không.
D. Nghi lễ có mục đích tôn giáo và kịch thì không.
Thông tin: Wearing masks and costumes, they often impersonated other people, animals, or supernatural beings, and mimed the desired effect- success in hunt or battle, the coming rain, the revival of the Sun as an actor might. Eventually such dramatic representations were separated from religious activities.
Tạm dịch: Đeo mặt nạ và trang phục, họ cải trang thành người khác, động vật hoặc sinh vật siêu nhiên và mô phỏng hiệu quả mong muốn - săn bắn hay chiến đấu, cơn mưa sắp tới, sự hồi sinh của Mặt trời như một diễn viên. Cuối cùng, những đại diện kịch tính như vậy đã được tách ra khỏi các hoạt động tôn giáo.
Đáp án D.