Câu hỏi: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
The Trump campaign ran on bringing jobs back to American shores, although mechanization has been the biggest reason for manufacturing jobs' disappearance. Similar losses have led to populist movements in several other countries. But instead of a pro-job growth future, economists across the board predict further losses as AI, robotics, and other technologies continue to be ushered in. What is up for debate is how quickly this is likely to occur.
Now, an expert at the Wharton School of Business at the University of Pennsylvania is ringing the alarm bells. According to Art Bilger, venture capitalist and board member at the business school, all the developed nations on earth will see job loss rates of up to 47% within the next 25 years, according to a recent Oxford study. "No government is prepared," The Economist reports. These include blue and white collar jobs. So far, the loss has been restricted to the blue collar variety, particularly in manufacturing.
To combat "structural unemployment" and the terrible blow, it is bound to deal the American people, Bilger has formed a nonprofit called Working Nation, whose mission it is to warn the public and to help make plans to safeguard them from this worrisome trend. Not only is the entire concept of employment about to change in a dramatic fashion, the trend is irreversible. The venture capitalist called on corporations, academia, government, and nonprofits to cooperate in modernizing our workforce.
To be clear, mechanization has always cost us jobs. The mechanical loom, for instance, put weavers out of business. But it also created jobs. Mechanics had to keep the machines going, machinists had to make parts for them, and workers had to attend to them, and so on. A lot of times those in one profession could pivot to another. At the beginning of the 20th century, for instance, automobiles were putting blacksmiths out of business. Who needed horseshoes anymore? But they soon became mechanics. And who was better suited?
Not so with this new trend. Unemployment today is significant in most developed nations and it's only going to get worse. By 2034, just a few decades, mid-level jobs will be by and large obsolete. So far the benefits have only gone to the ultra-wealthy, the top 1%. This coming technological revolution is set to wipe out what looks to be the entire middle class. Not only will computers be able to perform tasks more cheaply than people, they'll be more efficient too.
Accountants, doctors, lawyers, teachers, bureaucrats, and financial analysts beware: your jobs are not safe. According to The Economist, computers will be able to analyze and compare reams of data to make financial decisions or medical ones. There will be less of a chance of fraud or misdiagnosis, and the process will be more efficient. Not only are these folks in trouble, such a trend is likely to freeze salaries for those who remain employed, while income gaps only increase in size. You can imagine what this will do to politics and social stability.
(Source: https://bigthink.com/)
Why does the author mention in the last paragraph that accountants, doctors, lawyers, teachers, bureaucrats, and financial analysts are not safe jobs?
A. Because they are easy to make mistakes or misdiagnosis in doing their jobs.
B. Because the salaries paid for these jobs may be frozen in the future.
C. Because computers are likely to analyze and process a great amount of data with high accuracy.
D. Because these jobs directly influence politics and social stability.
The Trump campaign ran on bringing jobs back to American shores, although mechanization has been the biggest reason for manufacturing jobs' disappearance. Similar losses have led to populist movements in several other countries. But instead of a pro-job growth future, economists across the board predict further losses as AI, robotics, and other technologies continue to be ushered in. What is up for debate is how quickly this is likely to occur.
Now, an expert at the Wharton School of Business at the University of Pennsylvania is ringing the alarm bells. According to Art Bilger, venture capitalist and board member at the business school, all the developed nations on earth will see job loss rates of up to 47% within the next 25 years, according to a recent Oxford study. "No government is prepared," The Economist reports. These include blue and white collar jobs. So far, the loss has been restricted to the blue collar variety, particularly in manufacturing.
To combat "structural unemployment" and the terrible blow, it is bound to deal the American people, Bilger has formed a nonprofit called Working Nation, whose mission it is to warn the public and to help make plans to safeguard them from this worrisome trend. Not only is the entire concept of employment about to change in a dramatic fashion, the trend is irreversible. The venture capitalist called on corporations, academia, government, and nonprofits to cooperate in modernizing our workforce.
To be clear, mechanization has always cost us jobs. The mechanical loom, for instance, put weavers out of business. But it also created jobs. Mechanics had to keep the machines going, machinists had to make parts for them, and workers had to attend to them, and so on. A lot of times those in one profession could pivot to another. At the beginning of the 20th century, for instance, automobiles were putting blacksmiths out of business. Who needed horseshoes anymore? But they soon became mechanics. And who was better suited?
Not so with this new trend. Unemployment today is significant in most developed nations and it's only going to get worse. By 2034, just a few decades, mid-level jobs will be by and large obsolete. So far the benefits have only gone to the ultra-wealthy, the top 1%. This coming technological revolution is set to wipe out what looks to be the entire middle class. Not only will computers be able to perform tasks more cheaply than people, they'll be more efficient too.
Accountants, doctors, lawyers, teachers, bureaucrats, and financial analysts beware: your jobs are not safe. According to The Economist, computers will be able to analyze and compare reams of data to make financial decisions or medical ones. There will be less of a chance of fraud or misdiagnosis, and the process will be more efficient. Not only are these folks in trouble, such a trend is likely to freeze salaries for those who remain employed, while income gaps only increase in size. You can imagine what this will do to politics and social stability.
(Source: https://bigthink.com/)
Why does the author mention in the last paragraph that accountants, doctors, lawyers, teachers, bureaucrats, and financial analysts are not safe jobs?
A. Because they are easy to make mistakes or misdiagnosis in doing their jobs.
B. Because the salaries paid for these jobs may be frozen in the future.
C. Because computers are likely to analyze and process a great amount of data with high accuracy.
D. Because these jobs directly influence politics and social stability.
Tại sao tác giả đề cập trong đoạn cuối rằng kế toán, bác sĩ, luật sư, giáo viên, công chức và nhà phân tích tài chính là các công việc không an toàn?
A. Bởi vì những người này dễ mắc lỗi hay sai sót trong công việc của họ.
B. Bởi vì lương của những nghề này có thể bị đóng băng trong tương lai.
C. Bởi vì máy tính có thể phân tích và xử lý 1 lượng dữ liệu lớn với độ chính xác cao.
D. Bởi vì những nghề này có ảnh hưởng trực tiếp đến chính trị và sự ổn định xã hội.
Căn cứ vào thông tin đoạn cuối:
Accountants, doctors, lawyers, teachers, bureaucrats, and financial analysts beware: your jobs are not safe. According to The Economist, computers will be able to analyze and compare reams of data to make financial decisions or medical ones. There will be less of a chance of fraud or misdiagnosis, and the process will be more efficient.
(Kế toán, bác sĩ, luật sư, giáo viên, công chức và nhà phân tích tài chính hãy cẩn thận: công việc của bạn không an toàn. Theo tờ The Economist , các máy tính sẽ có thể phân tích và so sánh rất nhiều dữ liệu để đưa ra các quyết định tài chính hoặc các kết quả y tế. Sẽ có ít cơ hội gian lận hoặc chẩn đoán sai, và quy trình sẽ hiệu quả hơn.)
A. Bởi vì những người này dễ mắc lỗi hay sai sót trong công việc của họ.
B. Bởi vì lương của những nghề này có thể bị đóng băng trong tương lai.
C. Bởi vì máy tính có thể phân tích và xử lý 1 lượng dữ liệu lớn với độ chính xác cao.
D. Bởi vì những nghề này có ảnh hưởng trực tiếp đến chính trị và sự ổn định xã hội.
Căn cứ vào thông tin đoạn cuối:
Accountants, doctors, lawyers, teachers, bureaucrats, and financial analysts beware: your jobs are not safe. According to The Economist, computers will be able to analyze and compare reams of data to make financial decisions or medical ones. There will be less of a chance of fraud or misdiagnosis, and the process will be more efficient.
(Kế toán, bác sĩ, luật sư, giáo viên, công chức và nhà phân tích tài chính hãy cẩn thận: công việc của bạn không an toàn. Theo tờ The Economist , các máy tính sẽ có thể phân tích và so sánh rất nhiều dữ liệu để đưa ra các quyết định tài chính hoặc các kết quả y tế. Sẽ có ít cơ hội gian lận hoặc chẩn đoán sai, và quy trình sẽ hiệu quả hơn.)
Đáp án C.