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Câu hỏi: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.
Long before they can actually speak, babies pay special attention to the speech they hear around them. Within the first month of their lives, babies' responses to the sound of the human voice will be different from their responses to other sorts of auditory stimuli. They will stop crying when they hear a person talking, but not if they hear a bell or the sound of a rattle. At first, the sounds that an infant notices might be only those words that receive the heaviest emphasis and that often occur at the ends of utterances. By the time they are six or seven weeks old, babies can detect the difference between syllables pronounced with rising and falling inflections. Very soon, these differences in adult stress and intonation can influence babies' emotional states and behavior. Long before they develop actual language comprehension, babies can sense when an adult is playful or angry, attempting to initiate or terminate new behavior, and so on, merely on the basis of cues such as the rate, volume, and melody
of adult speech.
Adults make it as easy as they can for babies to pick up a language by exaggerating such cues. One researcher observed babies and their mothers in six diverse cultures and found that, in all six languages, the mothers used simplified syntax, short utterances and non sense sounds, and transformed certain sounds into baby talk. Other investigators have noted that when mothers talk to babies who are only a few months old, they exaggerate the pitch, loudness, and intensity of their words. They also exaggerate their facial expressions, hold vowels longer, and emphasize certain words.
More significant for language development than their response to general intonation is observation that tiny babies can make relatively fine distinctions between speech sounds. In other words, babies enter the world with the ability to make precisely those perceptual discriminations that are necessary if they are to acquire aural language.
Babies obviously derive pleasure from sound input, too: even as young as nine months they will listen to songs or stories, although the words themselves are beyond their understanding. For babies, language is a sensory-motor delight rather than the route to prosaic meaning that it often is for adults.
Why does the author mention a bell and rattle in paragraph 1?
A. To contrast the reactions of babies to human and nonhuman sounds.
B. To give examples of sounds that will cause a baby to cry.
C. To explain how babies distinguish between different nonhuman sounds.
D. To give examples of typical toys that babies do not like.
Long before they can actually speak, babies pay special attention to the speech they hear around them. Within the first month of their lives, babies' responses to the sound of the human voice will be different from their responses to other sorts of auditory stimuli. They will stop crying when they hear a person talking, but not if they hear a bell or the sound of a rattle. At first, the sounds that an infant notices might be only those words that receive the heaviest emphasis and that often occur at the ends of utterances. By the time they are six or seven weeks old, babies can detect the difference between syllables pronounced with rising and falling inflections. Very soon, these differences in adult stress and intonation can influence babies' emotional states and behavior. Long before they develop actual language comprehension, babies can sense when an adult is playful or angry, attempting to initiate or terminate new behavior, and so on, merely on the basis of cues such as the rate, volume, and melody
of adult speech.
Adults make it as easy as they can for babies to pick up a language by exaggerating such cues. One researcher observed babies and their mothers in six diverse cultures and found that, in all six languages, the mothers used simplified syntax, short utterances and non sense sounds, and transformed certain sounds into baby talk. Other investigators have noted that when mothers talk to babies who are only a few months old, they exaggerate the pitch, loudness, and intensity of their words. They also exaggerate their facial expressions, hold vowels longer, and emphasize certain words.
More significant for language development than their response to general intonation is observation that tiny babies can make relatively fine distinctions between speech sounds. In other words, babies enter the world with the ability to make precisely those perceptual discriminations that are necessary if they are to acquire aural language.
Babies obviously derive pleasure from sound input, too: even as young as nine months they will listen to songs or stories, although the words themselves are beyond their understanding. For babies, language is a sensory-motor delight rather than the route to prosaic meaning that it often is for adults.
Why does the author mention a bell and rattle in paragraph 1?
A. To contrast the reactions of babies to human and nonhuman sounds.
B. To give examples of sounds that will cause a baby to cry.
C. To explain how babies distinguish between different nonhuman sounds.
D. To give examples of typical toys that babies do not like.
Đáp án A: To contrast the reactions of babies to human and nonhuman sounds.
Kĩ năng đọc hiểu: Tìm thông tin chi tiết trong bài đọc
Giải thích chi tiết:
Tại sao tác giả đề cập đến tiếng chuông và tiếng đồ chơi xúc xắc trong đoạn 1?
A. Để thể hiện sự khác biệt giữa phản ứng của các em bé với giọng nói và các âm | thanh khác không phải của con người.
B. Để đưa ra 1 ví dụ về âm thanh khiến trẻ con khóc.
C. Để giải thích cách các em bé phân biệt các âm thanh khác nhau mà không phải của con người.
D. Để đưa ra ví dụ về các loại đồ chơi điển hình mà trẻ con không thích.
Dựa vào câu ở đoạn 1:
"Within the first month of their lives, babies' responses to the sound of the human voice will be different from their responses to other sorts of auditory stimuli. They will stop crying when they hear a person talking, but not if they hear a bell or the sound of a rattle"
(Trong tháng đầu đời, phản ứng của bé đối với giọng nói sẽ khác phản ứng đối với các dạng kích thích thính giác khác. Chúng sẽ ngừng khóc khi nghe thấy tiếng người, nhưng sẽ không ngừng khóc nếu nghe thấy tiếng chuông hoặc âm thanh xúc xắc.)
Có thể thấy ngay phương án A là phù hợp nhất. Các phương án còn lại không có ý nào liên quan trong bài.
Kĩ năng đọc hiểu: Tìm thông tin chi tiết trong bài đọc
Giải thích chi tiết:
Tại sao tác giả đề cập đến tiếng chuông và tiếng đồ chơi xúc xắc trong đoạn 1?
A. Để thể hiện sự khác biệt giữa phản ứng của các em bé với giọng nói và các âm | thanh khác không phải của con người.
B. Để đưa ra 1 ví dụ về âm thanh khiến trẻ con khóc.
C. Để giải thích cách các em bé phân biệt các âm thanh khác nhau mà không phải của con người.
D. Để đưa ra ví dụ về các loại đồ chơi điển hình mà trẻ con không thích.
Dựa vào câu ở đoạn 1:
"Within the first month of their lives, babies' responses to the sound of the human voice will be different from their responses to other sorts of auditory stimuli. They will stop crying when they hear a person talking, but not if they hear a bell or the sound of a rattle"
(Trong tháng đầu đời, phản ứng của bé đối với giọng nói sẽ khác phản ứng đối với các dạng kích thích thính giác khác. Chúng sẽ ngừng khóc khi nghe thấy tiếng người, nhưng sẽ không ngừng khóc nếu nghe thấy tiếng chuông hoặc âm thanh xúc xắc.)
Có thể thấy ngay phương án A là phù hợp nhất. Các phương án còn lại không có ý nào liên quan trong bài.
Đáp án A.