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Câu hỏi: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42
In the early decades of the United States, the agrarian movement promoted the farmer as society's hero. In the minds of agrarian thinkers and writers, the farmer was a person on whose well-being the health of the new country depended. The period between the Revolution, which ended in 1783, and the Civil War, which ended in 1865, was the age of the farmer in the United States. Agrarian philosophers, represented most eloquently by Thomas Jefferson, celebrated farmers extravagantly for their supposed centrality in a good society, their political virtue, and their Superior morality. And virtually all policy makers, whether they subscribed to the tenets of the philosophy held by Jefferson or not, recognized agriculture as the key component of the American economy. Consequently, government at all levels worked to encourage farmers as a social group and agriculture as economic enterprise.
Both the national and state governments developed transportation infrastructure, building canals, roads, bridges, and railroads, deepening harbors, and removing obstructions from navigable streams. The national government imported plants and animals variety and launched exploring expeditions into prospective farmlands in the West. In addition, government trade policies facilitate the export of agricultural products.
For their part, farmers seemed to meet the social expectations agrarian philosophers had for them, as their overall horizons and greater self-respect, both products of the Revolution, were reflected to some degree in their behavior. Farmers seemed to become more scientific, joining agricultural societies and reading the farm newspapers that sprang up throughout the country. They began using improved implements, tried new crops and pure animal breeds, and became more receptive to modem theories of soil improvement.
They also responded to inducements by national and state governments. Farmers streamed to the West, filling frontier lands with stunning rapidity. But farmers responded less to the expectations of agrarians and government inducements than to growing market opportunities. European demand for food from the United States seemed insatiable. War, industrialization, and urbanization all kept demand high in Europe. United States cities and industries grew as well; even industries not directly related to farming thrive because of the market, money, and labor that agriculture provided.
Which of the following statements is supported by the information in paragraph 1?
A. Agriculture was a vital part of the nation's economy.
B. The majority of farmers worked for the government.
C. Agricultural production declined between 1783 and 1861.
D. All government policy makers accepted Jefferson's views of agriculture and farmers.
In the early decades of the United States, the agrarian movement promoted the farmer as society's hero. In the minds of agrarian thinkers and writers, the farmer was a person on whose well-being the health of the new country depended. The period between the Revolution, which ended in 1783, and the Civil War, which ended in 1865, was the age of the farmer in the United States. Agrarian philosophers, represented most eloquently by Thomas Jefferson, celebrated farmers extravagantly for their supposed centrality in a good society, their political virtue, and their Superior morality. And virtually all policy makers, whether they subscribed to the tenets of the philosophy held by Jefferson or not, recognized agriculture as the key component of the American economy. Consequently, government at all levels worked to encourage farmers as a social group and agriculture as economic enterprise.
Both the national and state governments developed transportation infrastructure, building canals, roads, bridges, and railroads, deepening harbors, and removing obstructions from navigable streams. The national government imported plants and animals variety and launched exploring expeditions into prospective farmlands in the West. In addition, government trade policies facilitate the export of agricultural products.
For their part, farmers seemed to meet the social expectations agrarian philosophers had for them, as their overall horizons and greater self-respect, both products of the Revolution, were reflected to some degree in their behavior. Farmers seemed to become more scientific, joining agricultural societies and reading the farm newspapers that sprang up throughout the country. They began using improved implements, tried new crops and pure animal breeds, and became more receptive to modem theories of soil improvement.
They also responded to inducements by national and state governments. Farmers streamed to the West, filling frontier lands with stunning rapidity. But farmers responded less to the expectations of agrarians and government inducements than to growing market opportunities. European demand for food from the United States seemed insatiable. War, industrialization, and urbanization all kept demand high in Europe. United States cities and industries grew as well; even industries not directly related to farming thrive because of the market, money, and labor that agriculture provided.
Which of the following statements is supported by the information in paragraph 1?
A. Agriculture was a vital part of the nation's economy.
B. The majority of farmers worked for the government.
C. Agricultural production declined between 1783 and 1861.
D. All government policy makers accepted Jefferson's views of agriculture and farmers.
Giải thích:
Nhận định nào sau đây được ủng hộ bởi thông tin trong đoạn 1?
A. Nông nghiệp là một phần cốt cán của nền kinh tế quốc gia.
B. Đa số các nông dân đều làm việc cho chính phủ.
C. Sản phẩm nông nghiệp sụt giảm từ năm 1783 đến năm 1861.
D. Tất cả các nhà hoạch định chính sách chính phủ đều đồng ý với quan điểm về nông nghiệp và nông dân của Jefferson.
Thông tin:
+ Consequently, government at all levels worked to encourage farmers as a social group and agriculture as economic enterprise. (Do đó, chính phủ các cấp đã khuyến khích nông dân với tư cách là một nhóm xã hội và nông nghiệp là hoạt động kinh tế.)
→ B sai
+ The period between the Revolution, which ended in 1783, and the Civil War, which ended in 1865, was the age of the farmer in the United States. (Giai đoạn giữa cuộc cách mạng, kết thúc vào năm 1783, và chiến tranh thế giới, kết thúc năm 1865, là kỷ nguyên của người nông dân ở Hoa Kỳ.)
→ C sai
+ And virtually all policy makers, whether they subscribed to the tenets of the philosophy held by Jefferson or not, recognized agriculture as the key component of the American economy. (Và hầu hết những nhà hoạch định chính sách, dù họ có tán thành những nguyên lý triết học của Jefferson hay không, đều công nhận nông nghiệp chính là thành tố chủ chốt của kinh tế Hoa Kỳ.)
→ D sai
+ And virtually all policy makers, whether they subscribed to the tenets of the philosophy held by Jefferson or not, recognized agriculture as the key component of the American economy. (Và hầu hết những nhà hoạch định chính sách, dù họ có tán thành những nguyên lý triết học của Jefferson hay không, đều công nhận nông nghiệp chính là thành tố chủ chốt của kinh tế Hoa Kỳ.)
→ A đúng
Nhận định nào sau đây được ủng hộ bởi thông tin trong đoạn 1?
A. Nông nghiệp là một phần cốt cán của nền kinh tế quốc gia.
B. Đa số các nông dân đều làm việc cho chính phủ.
C. Sản phẩm nông nghiệp sụt giảm từ năm 1783 đến năm 1861.
D. Tất cả các nhà hoạch định chính sách chính phủ đều đồng ý với quan điểm về nông nghiệp và nông dân của Jefferson.
Thông tin:
+ Consequently, government at all levels worked to encourage farmers as a social group and agriculture as economic enterprise. (Do đó, chính phủ các cấp đã khuyến khích nông dân với tư cách là một nhóm xã hội và nông nghiệp là hoạt động kinh tế.)
→ B sai
+ The period between the Revolution, which ended in 1783, and the Civil War, which ended in 1865, was the age of the farmer in the United States. (Giai đoạn giữa cuộc cách mạng, kết thúc vào năm 1783, và chiến tranh thế giới, kết thúc năm 1865, là kỷ nguyên của người nông dân ở Hoa Kỳ.)
→ C sai
+ And virtually all policy makers, whether they subscribed to the tenets of the philosophy held by Jefferson or not, recognized agriculture as the key component of the American economy. (Và hầu hết những nhà hoạch định chính sách, dù họ có tán thành những nguyên lý triết học của Jefferson hay không, đều công nhận nông nghiệp chính là thành tố chủ chốt của kinh tế Hoa Kỳ.)
→ D sai
+ And virtually all policy makers, whether they subscribed to the tenets of the philosophy held by Jefferson or not, recognized agriculture as the key component of the American economy. (Và hầu hết những nhà hoạch định chính sách, dù họ có tán thành những nguyên lý triết học của Jefferson hay không, đều công nhận nông nghiệp chính là thành tố chủ chốt của kinh tế Hoa Kỳ.)
→ A đúng
Đáp án A.