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Câu hỏi: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, D, on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 30 to 36.
Birds that feed in flocks commonly retire together into roosts. The reasons for roosting communally are not always obvious, but there are some likely benefits. In winter especially, it is important for birds to keep warm at night and conserve precious food reserves. One way to do this is to find a sheltered roost. Solitary roosters shelter in dense vegetation or enter a cavity- horned larks dig holes in the ground and ptarmigan burrow into snow banks - but the effect of sheltering is magnified by several birds huddling together in the roosts, as wrens, swifts, brown creepers, bluebirds, and anis do. Body contact reduces the surface area exposed to the cold air, so the birds keep each other warm. Two kinglets huddling together were found to reduce their heat losses by a quarter, and three together saved a third of their heat.
The second possible benefit of communal roosts is that they act as "information centers". During the day, parties of birds will have spread out to forage over a very large area. When they return in the evening some will have fed well, but others may have found little to eat. Some investigators have observed that when the birds set out again next morning, those birds that did not feed well on the previous day appear to follow those that did. The behavior of common and lesser kestrels may illustrate different feeding behaviors of similar birds with different roosting habits. The common kestrel hunts vertebrate animals in a small, familiar hunting ground, whereas the very similar lesser kestrel feeds on insects over a large area. The common kestrel roosts and hunts alone, but the lesser kestrel roosts and hunts in flocks, possibly so one bird can learn from others where to find insect swarms.
Finally, there is safety in numbers at communal roosts since there will always be a few birds awake at any given moment to give the alarm. But this increased protection is partially counteracted by the fact that mass roosts attract predators and are especially vulnerable if they are on the ground. Even those in trees can be attacked by birds of prey. The birds on the edge are at greatest risk since predators find it easier to catch small birds perching at the margins of the roost.
Which of the following statements can be inferred from the passage?
A. The common kestrel nests in larger flocks than does the lesser kestrel.
B. The lesser kestrel and the common kestrel have similar diets.
C. The lesser kestrel feeds sociably but the common kestrel does not.
D. The common kestrel nests in trees; the lesser kestrel nests on the ground.
Birds that feed in flocks commonly retire together into roosts. The reasons for roosting communally are not always obvious, but there are some likely benefits. In winter especially, it is important for birds to keep warm at night and conserve precious food reserves. One way to do this is to find a sheltered roost. Solitary roosters shelter in dense vegetation or enter a cavity- horned larks dig holes in the ground and ptarmigan burrow into snow banks - but the effect of sheltering is magnified by several birds huddling together in the roosts, as wrens, swifts, brown creepers, bluebirds, and anis do. Body contact reduces the surface area exposed to the cold air, so the birds keep each other warm. Two kinglets huddling together were found to reduce their heat losses by a quarter, and three together saved a third of their heat.
The second possible benefit of communal roosts is that they act as "information centers". During the day, parties of birds will have spread out to forage over a very large area. When they return in the evening some will have fed well, but others may have found little to eat. Some investigators have observed that when the birds set out again next morning, those birds that did not feed well on the previous day appear to follow those that did. The behavior of common and lesser kestrels may illustrate different feeding behaviors of similar birds with different roosting habits. The common kestrel hunts vertebrate animals in a small, familiar hunting ground, whereas the very similar lesser kestrel feeds on insects over a large area. The common kestrel roosts and hunts alone, but the lesser kestrel roosts and hunts in flocks, possibly so one bird can learn from others where to find insect swarms.
Finally, there is safety in numbers at communal roosts since there will always be a few birds awake at any given moment to give the alarm. But this increased protection is partially counteracted by the fact that mass roosts attract predators and are especially vulnerable if they are on the ground. Even those in trees can be attacked by birds of prey. The birds on the edge are at greatest risk since predators find it easier to catch small birds perching at the margins of the roost.
Which of the following statements can be inferred from the passage?
A. The common kestrel nests in larger flocks than does the lesser kestrel.
B. The lesser kestrel and the common kestrel have similar diets.
C. The lesser kestrel feeds sociably but the common kestrel does not.
D. The common kestrel nests in trees; the lesser kestrel nests on the ground.
Câu nào sau đây có thể được suy ra từ đoạn văn?
A. Những con chim cắt thông thường làm tổ thành đàn lớn hơn những con chim cắt nhỏ hơn.
B. Những con chim cắt nhỏ hơn và những con chim cắt thông thường có chế độ ăn uống tương tự nhau.
C. Những con chim cắt nhỏ kiếm ăn hòa đồng nhưng những con chim cắt thông thường thì không.
D. Những con chim cắt thường làm tổ trên cây; những con chim cắt nhỏ hơn làm tổ trên mặt đất.
Thông tin:
+ The common kestrel hunts vertebrate animals in a small, familiar hunting ground, whereas the very similar lesser kestrel feeds on insects over a large area. The common kestrel roosts and hunts alone, but the lesser kestrel roosts and hunts in flocks, possibly so one bird can learn from others where to find insect swarms.
(Loài chim cắt thông thường săn các động vật có xương sống trong một bãi săn nhỏ, quen thuộc, trong khi loài chim cắt nhỏ rất giống nhau lại ăn côn trùng trên một khu vực rộng lớn. Những con chim cắt thông thường ngủ và săn mồi một mình, nhưng những con chim cắt nhỏ hơn ngủ và săn mồi theo đàn, có thể vì vậy một con chim có thể học hỏi từ những con khác cách tìm bầy côn trùng.)
A. Những con chim cắt thông thường làm tổ thành đàn lớn hơn những con chim cắt nhỏ hơn.
B. Những con chim cắt nhỏ hơn và những con chim cắt thông thường có chế độ ăn uống tương tự nhau.
C. Những con chim cắt nhỏ kiếm ăn hòa đồng nhưng những con chim cắt thông thường thì không.
D. Những con chim cắt thường làm tổ trên cây; những con chim cắt nhỏ hơn làm tổ trên mặt đất.
Thông tin:
+ The common kestrel hunts vertebrate animals in a small, familiar hunting ground, whereas the very similar lesser kestrel feeds on insects over a large area. The common kestrel roosts and hunts alone, but the lesser kestrel roosts and hunts in flocks, possibly so one bird can learn from others where to find insect swarms.
(Loài chim cắt thông thường săn các động vật có xương sống trong một bãi săn nhỏ, quen thuộc, trong khi loài chim cắt nhỏ rất giống nhau lại ăn côn trùng trên một khu vực rộng lớn. Những con chim cắt thông thường ngủ và săn mồi một mình, nhưng những con chim cắt nhỏ hơn ngủ và săn mồi theo đàn, có thể vì vậy một con chim có thể học hỏi từ những con khác cách tìm bầy côn trùng.)
Đáp án C.