Google
Câu hỏi: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on the answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
Every failure-even the worst ones-helps us learn to do things differently in the future. "I learned how not to climb the first four times I tried to summit Everest," says mountaineer Pete Athans, who has now reached the world's highest peak seven times. "Failure gives you a chance to refine your approach. You're taking risks more and more intelligently." In Athan's case, his setbacks taught him that it was important to choose a less challenging route for his first climb up Everest. Learning from the past mistakes and making changes helped him to reach the top successfully.
Failure also reminds us that things can go wrong - sometimes with disastrous results. Austrian Gerlinde Kaltenbrunner is the first woman to summit all 14 of the world's 8,000-meter peaks without extra oxygen. In 2007 while climbing in Nepal, she was in an avalanche. Luckily, she survived, but two nearby Spanish climbers died. The experience taught Kaltenbrunner that no matter how prepared a person is bad things can still happen. The events of that day troubled her deeply, but in time, Kalterbrunner decided that she had to learn from the experience and move on. "'I realized that I couldn't make the tragedy unhappen, she says, and I couldn't stop climbing-this is my life."
Accepting failure is not easy for many, though. We are often reluctant to admit failure because our professional reputations depends on success. However, things are slowly changing, notably in the fields of business and science. In the past decade, for instance, some scientific journals-mostly in medicine and conservation-have published reports of failed experiments. The belief is that the science community can also learn from "negative results and that this can eventually lead to positive outcomes.
In many ways, the business world already understands the value of negative results. To encourage entrepreneurship, the Netherlands-based ABN AMRO bank started an Institute of Brilliant Failures to learn more about what works and what doesn't in banking. Similarly, El Lilly and Company the pharmaceutical corporation, has "R&D outcome celebrations"-failure parties to study data about drugs that don't work. (Almost 90 percent of all drug trials fail, and the drugs cannot be sold.)
In fact, one of the business world's most famous failures eventually became one of its biggest success, in part because the product's makers learned from their mistakes. In the early 1990s, Apple Corporation created a handheld device called the Apple Newton. The product, though unique at the time, was expensive and heavy; moreover, some of its most important features didn't work properly. Consequently, it became one of Apple's biggest failures, in 1998, the company stopped selling it. However, Apple's CEO, Steve Jobs, believed the product had potential and he began to explore ways of improving it. In time, this led to the creation of the IPhone and the iPad, two of the company's most successful products.
The story of the Apple Newton can teach us another important lesson about failure. Not only should we try to learn from it if we want to succeed, we must be persistent. Though Apple stopped selling the Newton in 1998, the first iPhone wasn't available until 2007. It took a lot of research and hard work to go from the Apple Newton to iPhone, but in the end, the effort paid off.
Ultimately, there is a lot we can learn by studying mistakes. Perhaps the most important lesson is that failure and success are two sides of the same coins. One truly cannot exist without the other.
Which of the following is NOT true about the Apple Newton?
A. It was a unique handheld device.
B. It was Apple's first successful product.
C. It was heavy and expensive.
D. Some of its features didn't work properly.
Every failure-even the worst ones-helps us learn to do things differently in the future. "I learned how not to climb the first four times I tried to summit Everest," says mountaineer Pete Athans, who has now reached the world's highest peak seven times. "Failure gives you a chance to refine your approach. You're taking risks more and more intelligently." In Athan's case, his setbacks taught him that it was important to choose a less challenging route for his first climb up Everest. Learning from the past mistakes and making changes helped him to reach the top successfully.
Failure also reminds us that things can go wrong - sometimes with disastrous results. Austrian Gerlinde Kaltenbrunner is the first woman to summit all 14 of the world's 8,000-meter peaks without extra oxygen. In 2007 while climbing in Nepal, she was in an avalanche. Luckily, she survived, but two nearby Spanish climbers died. The experience taught Kaltenbrunner that no matter how prepared a person is bad things can still happen. The events of that day troubled her deeply, but in time, Kalterbrunner decided that she had to learn from the experience and move on. "'I realized that I couldn't make the tragedy unhappen, she says, and I couldn't stop climbing-this is my life."
Accepting failure is not easy for many, though. We are often reluctant to admit failure because our professional reputations depends on success. However, things are slowly changing, notably in the fields of business and science. In the past decade, for instance, some scientific journals-mostly in medicine and conservation-have published reports of failed experiments. The belief is that the science community can also learn from "negative results and that this can eventually lead to positive outcomes.
In many ways, the business world already understands the value of negative results. To encourage entrepreneurship, the Netherlands-based ABN AMRO bank started an Institute of Brilliant Failures to learn more about what works and what doesn't in banking. Similarly, El Lilly and Company the pharmaceutical corporation, has "R&D outcome celebrations"-failure parties to study data about drugs that don't work. (Almost 90 percent of all drug trials fail, and the drugs cannot be sold.)
In fact, one of the business world's most famous failures eventually became one of its biggest success, in part because the product's makers learned from their mistakes. In the early 1990s, Apple Corporation created a handheld device called the Apple Newton. The product, though unique at the time, was expensive and heavy; moreover, some of its most important features didn't work properly. Consequently, it became one of Apple's biggest failures, in 1998, the company stopped selling it. However, Apple's CEO, Steve Jobs, believed the product had potential and he began to explore ways of improving it. In time, this led to the creation of the IPhone and the iPad, two of the company's most successful products.
The story of the Apple Newton can teach us another important lesson about failure. Not only should we try to learn from it if we want to succeed, we must be persistent. Though Apple stopped selling the Newton in 1998, the first iPhone wasn't available until 2007. It took a lot of research and hard work to go from the Apple Newton to iPhone, but in the end, the effort paid off.
Ultimately, there is a lot we can learn by studying mistakes. Perhaps the most important lesson is that failure and success are two sides of the same coins. One truly cannot exist without the other.
Which of the following is NOT true about the Apple Newton?
A. It was a unique handheld device.
B. It was Apple's first successful product.
C. It was heavy and expensive.
D. Some of its features didn't work properly.
Giải thích:
Điều nào sau đây không đúng khi nói về Apple Newton?
A. Nó là một thiết bị cầm tay độc đáo.
B. Nó là sản phẩm đầu tiên thành công của Apple.
C. Nó rất nặng và đắt.
D. Một số tính năng của nó không hoạt động hiệu quả.
Thông tin:
+ In the early 1990s, Apple Corporation created a handheld device called the Apple Newton. The product, though unique at the time, was expensive and heavy; moreover, some of its most important features didn't work properly. (Đầu những năm 1990, tập đoàn Apple đã chế tạo một thiết bị cầm tay có tên Apple Newton. Sản phẩm này mặc dù độc đáo ở thời điểm bấy giờ, nhưng lại quá đắt và nặng; hơn nữa, một số tính năng quan trọng của nó lại không hiệu quả.)
→ A, C, D đúng
+ Consequently, it became one of Apple's biggest failures, in 1998, the company stopped selling it. (Do đó, nó trở thành một trong những thất bại lớn nhất của Apple, năm 1998, công ty đã ngừng bán nó.)
→ B sai
Điều nào sau đây không đúng khi nói về Apple Newton?
A. Nó là một thiết bị cầm tay độc đáo.
B. Nó là sản phẩm đầu tiên thành công của Apple.
C. Nó rất nặng và đắt.
D. Một số tính năng của nó không hoạt động hiệu quả.
Thông tin:
+ In the early 1990s, Apple Corporation created a handheld device called the Apple Newton. The product, though unique at the time, was expensive and heavy; moreover, some of its most important features didn't work properly. (Đầu những năm 1990, tập đoàn Apple đã chế tạo một thiết bị cầm tay có tên Apple Newton. Sản phẩm này mặc dù độc đáo ở thời điểm bấy giờ, nhưng lại quá đắt và nặng; hơn nữa, một số tính năng quan trọng của nó lại không hiệu quả.)
→ A, C, D đúng
+ Consequently, it became one of Apple's biggest failures, in 1998, the company stopped selling it. (Do đó, nó trở thành một trong những thất bại lớn nhất của Apple, năm 1998, công ty đã ngừng bán nó.)
→ B sai
Đáp án B.