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Câu hỏi: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.
Fifty million years ago, New Zealand was home to penguins that stood as tall as humans and weighed as much as adult gorillas. Scientists have discovered fossils of the largest penguin known to date, thought to have weighed between 148 and 160 kilograms (300 and 340 pounds). "It totally blew me away the first time I saw it," lead study author Daniel Ksepka told Quirks & Quarks host Bob McDonald. "This thing was gigantic. It makes an emperor penguin look kind of like a little tiny robin." In a new study published in the Journal of Paleontology, scientists identified two new species of penguins based on fossils embedded in rocky formations on the Otago beaches of New Zealand's South Island: Kumimanu fordycei and Petradyptes stonehousei. Both species are thought to have existed around 55 to 59 million years ago during the Paleocene era.
Researchers compared the fossils to the bones of 20 modern penguin species to learn more about the ancient water birds. "We probably would recognize it as a penguin, but it would have been quite distinct from the little fellows we see in zoos and aquariums today," said Ksepka, who is a curator at the Bruce Museum in Greenwich, Conn.
Only a couple of bones belonging to the giant K. fordycei- named after New Zealand paleontologist Ewan Fordyce-were discovered. But they were enough to give researchers a clue about its appearance. "We measured hundreds of penguin bones from modern species to try to estimate the body mass [of the ancient penguins]. And we arrived at a total of about 340 pounds, which is just kind of mind-blowing. I mean, imagine a penguin the size of a gorilla," Ksepka said. Emperor penguins, the largest species alive today, weigh about 40 kilograms (90 pounds) which makes K. fordycei nearly four times heavier. The smaller of the two newly discovered species P. stonehousei-named after biologist Bernard Stonehouse - also outweighs the modern emperor penguin, weighing in at 50 kilograms.
A. New Zealand had favourable weather conditions in the past.
B. Fossils of the ancient penguins are not complete.
C. Emperor penguins no longer live in New Zealand.
D. Many big animals lived in the Paleocene era.
Fifty million years ago, New Zealand was home to penguins that stood as tall as humans and weighed as much as adult gorillas. Scientists have discovered fossils of the largest penguin known to date, thought to have weighed between 148 and 160 kilograms (300 and 340 pounds). "It totally blew me away the first time I saw it," lead study author Daniel Ksepka told Quirks & Quarks host Bob McDonald. "This thing was gigantic. It makes an emperor penguin look kind of like a little tiny robin." In a new study published in the Journal of Paleontology, scientists identified two new species of penguins based on fossils embedded in rocky formations on the Otago beaches of New Zealand's South Island: Kumimanu fordycei and Petradyptes stonehousei. Both species are thought to have existed around 55 to 59 million years ago during the Paleocene era.
Researchers compared the fossils to the bones of 20 modern penguin species to learn more about the ancient water birds. "We probably would recognize it as a penguin, but it would have been quite distinct from the little fellows we see in zoos and aquariums today," said Ksepka, who is a curator at the Bruce Museum in Greenwich, Conn.
Only a couple of bones belonging to the giant K. fordycei- named after New Zealand paleontologist Ewan Fordyce-were discovered. But they were enough to give researchers a clue about its appearance. "We measured hundreds of penguin bones from modern species to try to estimate the body mass [of the ancient penguins]. And we arrived at a total of about 340 pounds, which is just kind of mind-blowing. I mean, imagine a penguin the size of a gorilla," Ksepka said. Emperor penguins, the largest species alive today, weigh about 40 kilograms (90 pounds) which makes K. fordycei nearly four times heavier. The smaller of the two newly discovered species P. stonehousei-named after biologist Bernard Stonehouse - also outweighs the modern emperor penguin, weighing in at 50 kilograms.
(Adopted from CBC)
Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?A. New Zealand had favourable weather conditions in the past.
B. Fossils of the ancient penguins are not complete.
C. Emperor penguins no longer live in New Zealand.
D. Many big animals lived in the Paleocene era.
Điều nào sau đây có thể được suy ra từ đoạn văn?
A. New Zealand có điều kiện thời tiết thuận lợi trong quá khứ.
B. Hóa thạch của chim cánh cụt cổ đại không hoàn chỉnh.
C. Chim cánh cụt hoàng đế không còn sống ở New Zealand.
D. Nhiều loài động vật lớn sống ở kỉ Paleocen.
Thông tin:
+ Only a couple of bones belonging to the giant K. fordycei- named after New Zealand paleontologist Ewan Fordyce-were discovered. But they were enough to give researchers a clue about its appearance.
(Chỉ có một vài bộ xương của loài K. fordycei khổng lồ - được đặt theo tên của nhà cổ sinh vật học người New Zealand Ewan Fordyce - được phát hiện. Nhưng chúng cũng đủ để cung cấp cho các nhà nghiên cứu manh mối về sự xuất hiện của nó.)
Hóa thạch không hoàn chỉnh nên cần so sánh với nhiều bộ xương của chim cánh cụt hiện đại để ước tính kích thước của hóa thạch
A. New Zealand có điều kiện thời tiết thuận lợi trong quá khứ.
B. Hóa thạch của chim cánh cụt cổ đại không hoàn chỉnh.
C. Chim cánh cụt hoàng đế không còn sống ở New Zealand.
D. Nhiều loài động vật lớn sống ở kỉ Paleocen.
Thông tin:
+ Only a couple of bones belonging to the giant K. fordycei- named after New Zealand paleontologist Ewan Fordyce-were discovered. But they were enough to give researchers a clue about its appearance.
(Chỉ có một vài bộ xương của loài K. fordycei khổng lồ - được đặt theo tên của nhà cổ sinh vật học người New Zealand Ewan Fordyce - được phát hiện. Nhưng chúng cũng đủ để cung cấp cho các nhà nghiên cứu manh mối về sự xuất hiện của nó.)
Hóa thạch không hoàn chỉnh nên cần so sánh với nhiều bộ xương của chim cánh cụt hiện đại để ước tính kích thước của hóa thạch
Đáp án B.