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Câu hỏi: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
It is estimated that by 2050 more than two-thirds of the world's population will live in cities, up from about 54 percent today. While the many benefits of organized and efficient cities are well understood, we need to recognize that this rapid, often unplanned urbanization brings risks of profound social instability, risks to critical infrastructure, potential water crises and the potential for devastating spread of disease. These risks can only be further exacerbated as this unprecedented transition from rural to urban areas continues.
How effectively these risks can be addressed will increasingly be determined by how well cities are governed. The increased concentration of people, physical assets, infrastructure and economic activities mean that the risks materializing at the city level will have far greater potential to disrupt society than ever before.
Urbanization is by no means bad by itself. It brings important benefits for economic, cultural and societal development. Well managed cities are both efficient and effective, enabling economies of scale and network effects while reducing the impact on the climate of transportation. As such, an urban model can make economic activity more environmentally-friendly. Further, the proximity and diversity of people can spark innovation and create employment as exchanging ideas breeds new ideas.
But these utopian concepts are threatened by some of the factors driving rapid urbanization. For example, one of the main factors is rural-urban migration, driven by the prospect of greater employment opportunities and the hope of a better life in cities. But rapidly increasing population density can create severe problems, especially if planning efforts are not sufficient to cope with the influx of new inhabitants. The result may, in extreme cases, be widespread poverty. Estimates suggest that 40% of the world's urban expansion is taking place in slums, exacerbating socio-economic disparities and creating unsanitary conditions that facilitate the spread of disease.
The Global Risks 2015 Report looks at four areas that face particularly daunting challenges in the face of rapid and unplanned urbanization: infrastructure, health, climate change, and social instability. In each of these areas we find new risks that can best be managed or, in some cases, transferred through the mechanism of insurance.
A. Urbanization often diminishes economic and societal development.
B. The process by which more and more people move to big cities is not good at all.
C. People may come up with new ideas when they live closely together.
D. The climate in big cities is stuffy because lots of people use public transport.
It is estimated that by 2050 more than two-thirds of the world's population will live in cities, up from about 54 percent today. While the many benefits of organized and efficient cities are well understood, we need to recognize that this rapid, often unplanned urbanization brings risks of profound social instability, risks to critical infrastructure, potential water crises and the potential for devastating spread of disease. These risks can only be further exacerbated as this unprecedented transition from rural to urban areas continues.
How effectively these risks can be addressed will increasingly be determined by how well cities are governed. The increased concentration of people, physical assets, infrastructure and economic activities mean that the risks materializing at the city level will have far greater potential to disrupt society than ever before.
Urbanization is by no means bad by itself. It brings important benefits for economic, cultural and societal development. Well managed cities are both efficient and effective, enabling economies of scale and network effects while reducing the impact on the climate of transportation. As such, an urban model can make economic activity more environmentally-friendly. Further, the proximity and diversity of people can spark innovation and create employment as exchanging ideas breeds new ideas.
But these utopian concepts are threatened by some of the factors driving rapid urbanization. For example, one of the main factors is rural-urban migration, driven by the prospect of greater employment opportunities and the hope of a better life in cities. But rapidly increasing population density can create severe problems, especially if planning efforts are not sufficient to cope with the influx of new inhabitants. The result may, in extreme cases, be widespread poverty. Estimates suggest that 40% of the world's urban expansion is taking place in slums, exacerbating socio-economic disparities and creating unsanitary conditions that facilitate the spread of disease.
The Global Risks 2015 Report looks at four areas that face particularly daunting challenges in the face of rapid and unplanned urbanization: infrastructure, health, climate change, and social instability. In each of these areas we find new risks that can best be managed or, in some cases, transferred through the mechanism of insurance.
Adapted from https://www.zwich.com
Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 3?A. Urbanization often diminishes economic and societal development.
B. The process by which more and more people move to big cities is not good at all.
C. People may come up with new ideas when they live closely together.
D. The climate in big cities is stuffy because lots of people use public transport.
Điều nào sau đây có thể được suy ra từ đoạn 3?
A. Đô thị hóa thường làm giảm sự phát triển kinh tế - xã hội.
B. Quá trình ngày càng nhiều người chuyển đến các thành phố lớn là không tốt chút nào.
C. Mọi người có thể nảy ra những ý tưởng mới khi họ sống gần nhau.
D. Khí hậu ở các thành phố lớn ngột ngạt vì nhiều người sử dụng phương tiện giao thông công cộng.
Thông tin:
+ Further, the proximity and diversity of people can spark innovation and create employment as exchanging ideas breeds new ideas.
(Hơn nữa, sự gần gũi và đa dạng của mọi người có thể khơi dậy sự đổi mới và tạo ra việc làm khi việc trao đổi ý tưởng nảy sinh ra những ý tưởng mới.)
A. Đô thị hóa thường làm giảm sự phát triển kinh tế - xã hội.
B. Quá trình ngày càng nhiều người chuyển đến các thành phố lớn là không tốt chút nào.
C. Mọi người có thể nảy ra những ý tưởng mới khi họ sống gần nhau.
D. Khí hậu ở các thành phố lớn ngột ngạt vì nhiều người sử dụng phương tiện giao thông công cộng.
Thông tin:
+ Further, the proximity and diversity of people can spark innovation and create employment as exchanging ideas breeds new ideas.
(Hơn nữa, sự gần gũi và đa dạng của mọi người có thể khơi dậy sự đổi mới và tạo ra việc làm khi việc trao đổi ý tưởng nảy sinh ra những ý tưởng mới.)
Đáp án C.