Câu hỏi: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer for each of the questions from 35 to 42.
People with an overpowering fear of something may not be able to consciously control the direction of their gaze when faced with a picture that provokes that fear. Those with a fear of spiders, or arachnophobia, may not be able to avoid looking towards a spider in the grass, while those without the fear can. To reach this finding, 26 college students-half of whom had arachnophobia-were outfitted with a device that tracked theireye movements. The participants were then shown a four-by-four grid of flowers on a computer screen, where a picture of a grey-brown spider and a grey-brown mushroom each occupied one grid space.
In one trial, the students were asked to press the spacebar when they spotted a mushroom, but to ignore any spiders. In a second, the students were asked to press the key when they saw the spider, but to avoid looking at mushrooms. When instructed to ignore the spider and spot the mushroom, the students with arachnophobia could not avoid looking at the spider, causing them to notice the mushroom three-tenths of a second more slowly the control group. Additionally, when the students were asked to search for the spider, the arachnophobic students found the spider and pressed the space bar about three- tenths of a second more quickly than the non-phobic students.
These findings show that the attention processes of people with a powerful fear of spiders may be beyond their conscious control. This suggests that treatments that focus on conscious thought processes may not work for such phobias. Instead, therapists could focus on treatments such as systematic desensitization
What is the main idea of the passage?
A. People who are afraid of spiders don't look at them
B. People with phobias can't help looking at things they are afraid of
C. People with arachnophobia always look at spiders first
D. Phobias affect eyesight
People with an overpowering fear of something may not be able to consciously control the direction of their gaze when faced with a picture that provokes that fear. Those with a fear of spiders, or arachnophobia, may not be able to avoid looking towards a spider in the grass, while those without the fear can. To reach this finding, 26 college students-half of whom had arachnophobia-were outfitted with a device that tracked theireye movements. The participants were then shown a four-by-four grid of flowers on a computer screen, where a picture of a grey-brown spider and a grey-brown mushroom each occupied one grid space.
In one trial, the students were asked to press the spacebar when they spotted a mushroom, but to ignore any spiders. In a second, the students were asked to press the key when they saw the spider, but to avoid looking at mushrooms. When instructed to ignore the spider and spot the mushroom, the students with arachnophobia could not avoid looking at the spider, causing them to notice the mushroom three-tenths of a second more slowly the control group. Additionally, when the students were asked to search for the spider, the arachnophobic students found the spider and pressed the space bar about three- tenths of a second more quickly than the non-phobic students.
These findings show that the attention processes of people with a powerful fear of spiders may be beyond their conscious control. This suggests that treatments that focus on conscious thought processes may not work for such phobias. Instead, therapists could focus on treatments such as systematic desensitization
What is the main idea of the passage?
A. People who are afraid of spiders don't look at them
B. People with phobias can't help looking at things they are afraid of
C. People with arachnophobia always look at spiders first
D. Phobias affect eyesight
Câu trả lời này dựa vào thông tin "People with an overpowering fear of something may not be able to consciously control the direction of their gaze when faced with a picture that provokes that fear."
Đáp án B.