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Câu hỏi: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
There are already many, many people who have passed the landmark age of 100. In fact, there are now so many healthy, elderly people that there's a new term for them: the wellderly. These are people over the age of 80 who have no diseases such as high blood pressure, heart disease or diabetes and have never taken medicines for these conditions.
There have been many scientific studies of communities where a healthy old age is typical. These include places like Calabria in southern Italy and the island of Okinawa in Japan.
The small village of Molochio in Calabria has about 2,000 inhabitants. And of these there are at least eight centenarians. When researchers ask people like this the secret of their long life, the answer is almost always to do with diet and is almost always the same: 'I eat a lot of fruit and vegetables.' 'A little bit, but of everything.' 'No smoking, no drinking.'
While in the past scientists have looked at things such as diet and lifestyle for an explanation of long life, these days they are investigating genetics. One such researcher is Eric Topol, who says, "There must be genes that explain why these individuals are protected from the aging process."
The new research into long life looks at groups of people who have a genetic connection. For example, one group of interest lives in Ecuador. In one area of the country there are a number of people with the same genetic condition. It's called Laron syndrome. The condition means that they don't grow to more than about one, but it also seems to give them protection against cancer and diabetes. As a result, they live longer than other people in their families. Meanwhile, on the Hawaiian island of Oahu, there's another group of long-lived men, Japanese-Americans. They have a similar gene to the Laron syndrome group.
Back in Calabria, scientists are trying to work out exactly how much of the longevity is due to genetics and how much to environment. By checking public records going back to the 19th century, researchers have reconstructed the family trees of 202 nonagenarians and centenarians. They concluded that there were genetic factors involved.
What do some people from Calabria and Okinawa have in common?
A. They suffer from diabetes.
B. They have an unusual genetic illness.
C. They live long and healthy lives.
D. They originated from the same ancestors.
There are already many, many people who have passed the landmark age of 100. In fact, there are now so many healthy, elderly people that there's a new term for them: the wellderly. These are people over the age of 80 who have no diseases such as high blood pressure, heart disease or diabetes and have never taken medicines for these conditions.
There have been many scientific studies of communities where a healthy old age is typical. These include places like Calabria in southern Italy and the island of Okinawa in Japan.
The small village of Molochio in Calabria has about 2,000 inhabitants. And of these there are at least eight centenarians. When researchers ask people like this the secret of their long life, the answer is almost always to do with diet and is almost always the same: 'I eat a lot of fruit and vegetables.' 'A little bit, but of everything.' 'No smoking, no drinking.'
While in the past scientists have looked at things such as diet and lifestyle for an explanation of long life, these days they are investigating genetics. One such researcher is Eric Topol, who says, "There must be genes that explain why these individuals are protected from the aging process."
The new research into long life looks at groups of people who have a genetic connection. For example, one group of interest lives in Ecuador. In one area of the country there are a number of people with the same genetic condition. It's called Laron syndrome. The condition means that they don't grow to more than about one, but it also seems to give them protection against cancer and diabetes. As a result, they live longer than other people in their families. Meanwhile, on the Hawaiian island of Oahu, there's another group of long-lived men, Japanese-Americans. They have a similar gene to the Laron syndrome group.
Back in Calabria, scientists are trying to work out exactly how much of the longevity is due to genetics and how much to environment. By checking public records going back to the 19th century, researchers have reconstructed the family trees of 202 nonagenarians and centenarians. They concluded that there were genetic factors involved.
What do some people from Calabria and Okinawa have in common?
A. They suffer from diabetes.
B. They have an unusual genetic illness.
C. They live long and healthy lives.
D. They originated from the same ancestors.
Một số người đến từ Calabria và Okinawa có điểm gì chung?
A. Họ đều mắc bệnh tiểu đường
B. Họ mắc căn bệnh di truyền bất thường
C. Họ sống lâu và có cuộc sống lành mạnh
D. Họ có chung cội nguồn tổ tiên
Căn cứ vào các thông tin sau:
"There have been many scientific studies of communities where a healthy old age is typical. These include places like Calabria in southern Italy and the island of Okinawa in Japan.
The small village of Molochio in Calabria has about 2,000 inhabitants. And of these, there are at least eight centenarians. When researchers ask people like this the secret of their long life, the answer is almost always to do with diet and is almost always the same: 'I eat a lot of fruit and vegetables.' 'A little bit, but of everything.' 'No smoking, no drinking'."
(Đã có nhiều nghiên cứu khoa học về các cộng đồng nơi tuổi già khỏe mạnh là điển hình. Chúng bao gồm những nơi như Calabria ở miền nam Italy và đảo Okinawa ở Nhật Bản.
Ngôi làng nhỏ Molochio ở Calabria có khoảng 2.000 cư dân. Và trong số này, có ít nhất tám nhân mã. Khi các nhà nghiên cứu hỏi những người như thế này về bí mật của cuộc sống lâu dài của họ, câu trả lời hầu như luôn luôn là với chế độ ăn và hầu như luôn luôn giống nhau: 'Tôi ăn nhiều trái cây và rau quả.' 'Một chút ít ỏi, nhưng là tất cả mọi thứ.' 'Không hút thuốc, không uống rượu.')
A. Họ đều mắc bệnh tiểu đường
B. Họ mắc căn bệnh di truyền bất thường
C. Họ sống lâu và có cuộc sống lành mạnh
D. Họ có chung cội nguồn tổ tiên
Căn cứ vào các thông tin sau:
"There have been many scientific studies of communities where a healthy old age is typical. These include places like Calabria in southern Italy and the island of Okinawa in Japan.
The small village of Molochio in Calabria has about 2,000 inhabitants. And of these, there are at least eight centenarians. When researchers ask people like this the secret of their long life, the answer is almost always to do with diet and is almost always the same: 'I eat a lot of fruit and vegetables.' 'A little bit, but of everything.' 'No smoking, no drinking'."
(Đã có nhiều nghiên cứu khoa học về các cộng đồng nơi tuổi già khỏe mạnh là điển hình. Chúng bao gồm những nơi như Calabria ở miền nam Italy và đảo Okinawa ở Nhật Bản.
Ngôi làng nhỏ Molochio ở Calabria có khoảng 2.000 cư dân. Và trong số này, có ít nhất tám nhân mã. Khi các nhà nghiên cứu hỏi những người như thế này về bí mật của cuộc sống lâu dài của họ, câu trả lời hầu như luôn luôn là với chế độ ăn và hầu như luôn luôn giống nhau: 'Tôi ăn nhiều trái cây và rau quả.' 'Một chút ít ỏi, nhưng là tất cả mọi thứ.' 'Không hút thuốc, không uống rượu.')
Đáp án C.