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Câu hỏi: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 35 to 50.
A survey is a study, generally in the form of an interview or a questionnaire, which provides information concerning how people think and act. In the United States, the best-known surveys are the Gallup poll and the Harris poll. As anyone who watches the news during presidential campaigns knows, these polls have become an important part of political life in the United States.
North Americans are familiar with the many "person on the street" interviews on local television news shows. While such interviews can be highly entertaining, they are not necessarily an accurate indication of public opinion. First, they reflect the opinions of only those people who appear at a certain location. Thus, such samples can be biased in favor of commuters, middle-class shoppers, or factory workers, depending on which area the news people select. Second, television interviews tend to attract outgoing people who are willing to appear on the air, while they frighten away others who may feel intimidated by a camera. A survey must be based on a precise, representative sampling if it is to genuinely reflect a broad range of the population.
In preparing to conduct a survey, sociologists must exercise great care in the wording of questions. An effective survey question must be simple and clear enough for people to understand it. It must also be specific enough so that there are no problems in interpreting the results. Even questions that are less structured must be carefully phrased in order to elicit the type of information desired. Surveys can be indispensable sources of information, but only if the sampling is done properly and the questions are worded accurately.
There are two main forms of surveys: the interview and the questionnaire. Each of these forms of survey research has its advantages. An interviewer can obtain a high response rate because people find it more difficult to turn down a personal request for an interview than to throw away a written questionnaire. In addition, an interviewer can go beyond written questions and probe for a subject's underlying feelings and reasons. However, questionnaires have the advantage of being cheaper and more consistent.
The word "they" in paragraph 2 refers to___________
A. North Americans
B. interviews
C. news shows
D. opinions
A survey is a study, generally in the form of an interview or a questionnaire, which provides information concerning how people think and act. In the United States, the best-known surveys are the Gallup poll and the Harris poll. As anyone who watches the news during presidential campaigns knows, these polls have become an important part of political life in the United States.
North Americans are familiar with the many "person on the street" interviews on local television news shows. While such interviews can be highly entertaining, they are not necessarily an accurate indication of public opinion. First, they reflect the opinions of only those people who appear at a certain location. Thus, such samples can be biased in favor of commuters, middle-class shoppers, or factory workers, depending on which area the news people select. Second, television interviews tend to attract outgoing people who are willing to appear on the air, while they frighten away others who may feel intimidated by a camera. A survey must be based on a precise, representative sampling if it is to genuinely reflect a broad range of the population.
In preparing to conduct a survey, sociologists must exercise great care in the wording of questions. An effective survey question must be simple and clear enough for people to understand it. It must also be specific enough so that there are no problems in interpreting the results. Even questions that are less structured must be carefully phrased in order to elicit the type of information desired. Surveys can be indispensable sources of information, but only if the sampling is done properly and the questions are worded accurately.
There are two main forms of surveys: the interview and the questionnaire. Each of these forms of survey research has its advantages. An interviewer can obtain a high response rate because people find it more difficult to turn down a personal request for an interview than to throw away a written questionnaire. In addition, an interviewer can go beyond written questions and probe for a subject's underlying feelings and reasons. However, questionnaires have the advantage of being cheaper and more consistent.
The word "they" in paragraph 2 refers to___________
A. North Americans
B. interviews
C. news shows
D. opinions
Đáp án B: interviews
Kỹ năng đọc hiểu: Tham chiếu đại từ
Giải thích chi tiết:
Đại từ "they" ở đoạn 2 thay thế cho ___________
A. Những người dân Nam Mỹ
B. các cuộc phỏng vấn
C. các chương trình mới
D. các ý kiến
Đại từ "they" được dùng để thay thế cho danh từ số nhiều đã được nhắc đến trước đó, cụ thể là "interviews" – các cuộc phỏng vấn.
Ý nghĩa cả câu: "While such interviews can be highly entertaining, they are not necessarily an accurate indication of public opinion. First, they reflect the opinions of only those people who appear at a certain location" - Trong khi phỏng vấn có thể rất vui vẻ, thì chúng lại không phải lúc nào cũng là ý kiến chính xác của đại đa số. Đầu tiên, chúng chỉ phản ánh ý kiến của một số người xuất hiện tại địa điểm đó....
Kỹ năng đọc hiểu: Tham chiếu đại từ
Giải thích chi tiết:
Đại từ "they" ở đoạn 2 thay thế cho ___________
A. Những người dân Nam Mỹ
B. các cuộc phỏng vấn
C. các chương trình mới
D. các ý kiến
Đại từ "they" được dùng để thay thế cho danh từ số nhiều đã được nhắc đến trước đó, cụ thể là "interviews" – các cuộc phỏng vấn.
Ý nghĩa cả câu: "While such interviews can be highly entertaining, they are not necessarily an accurate indication of public opinion. First, they reflect the opinions of only those people who appear at a certain location" - Trong khi phỏng vấn có thể rất vui vẻ, thì chúng lại không phải lúc nào cũng là ý kiến chính xác của đại đa số. Đầu tiên, chúng chỉ phản ánh ý kiến của một số người xuất hiện tại địa điểm đó....
Đáp án B.