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Câu hỏi: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 30 to 34.
Very few people in the modem world obtain their food supply by hunting and gathering in the natural environment surrounding their homes. This method of harvesting from nature's provision is the oldest subsistence strategy, and has been practiced for at least two million years. It was, indeed, the only way to obtain food until rudimentary farming and the domestication of animals were introduced about 10,000 years ago.
Because hunter- gathers have fared poorly in comparison with their agricultural cousins, their numbers have dwindled, and they have been forced to live in marginal environments such as deserts forests or arctic wasteland. In higher latitudes, the shorter growing season has restricted the availability of plant life. Such conditions have caused a greater independence on hunting, and along the coasts and waterways, on fishing. The abundance of vegetation in the lower latitudes of the tropics, on the other hand, has provided a greater opportunity for gathering a variety of plants. In short, the environmental differences have restricted the diet and have limited possibilities for the development of subsistence societies. Contemporary hunter-gathers may help us understand our prehistoric ancestors. We know from observation of modem hunter-gathers in both Africa and Alaska that society based on hunting and gathering must be very mobile. While the entire community camps in a central location, a smaller party harvests the food within a reasonable distance from the camp. When the food in the area is exhausted, the community moves on to exploit another site. We also notice a seasonal migration on pattern evolving for most hunter gathers, along with a restrict division of labor between sexes. These patterns of behavior may be similar to those practiced by mankind during the Paleolithic Period.
The word "rudimentary" is closest in meaning to _____________.
A. rough
B. preliminary
C. ancient
D. backward
Very few people in the modem world obtain their food supply by hunting and gathering in the natural environment surrounding their homes. This method of harvesting from nature's provision is the oldest subsistence strategy, and has been practiced for at least two million years. It was, indeed, the only way to obtain food until rudimentary farming and the domestication of animals were introduced about 10,000 years ago.
Because hunter- gathers have fared poorly in comparison with their agricultural cousins, their numbers have dwindled, and they have been forced to live in marginal environments such as deserts forests or arctic wasteland. In higher latitudes, the shorter growing season has restricted the availability of plant life. Such conditions have caused a greater independence on hunting, and along the coasts and waterways, on fishing. The abundance of vegetation in the lower latitudes of the tropics, on the other hand, has provided a greater opportunity for gathering a variety of plants. In short, the environmental differences have restricted the diet and have limited possibilities for the development of subsistence societies. Contemporary hunter-gathers may help us understand our prehistoric ancestors. We know from observation of modem hunter-gathers in both Africa and Alaska that society based on hunting and gathering must be very mobile. While the entire community camps in a central location, a smaller party harvests the food within a reasonable distance from the camp. When the food in the area is exhausted, the community moves on to exploit another site. We also notice a seasonal migration on pattern evolving for most hunter gathers, along with a restrict division of labor between sexes. These patterns of behavior may be similar to those practiced by mankind during the Paleolithic Period.
The word "rudimentary" is closest in meaning to _____________.
A. rough
B. preliminary
C. ancient
D. backward
- rudimentary (adj): thô sơ, sơ đẳng, sơ bộ, bước đầu = preliminary (adj): mở đầu, sơ bộ
- rough (adj): thô ráp, xù xì, gồ ghề
- ancient (adj): cổ xưa, cổ đại
- backward (adj): lạc hậu, giật lùi
Dẫn chứng: "It was, indeed, the only way to obtain food until rudimentary farming and the domestication of animals were introduced about 10,000 years ago." (Thực sự, đó là phương pháp duy nhất để có được thức ăn cho đến khi nông nghiệp thô sơ và việc thuần hóa động vật được giới thiệu cách đây khoảng 10.000 năm.)
- rough (adj): thô ráp, xù xì, gồ ghề
- ancient (adj): cổ xưa, cổ đại
- backward (adj): lạc hậu, giật lùi
Dẫn chứng: "It was, indeed, the only way to obtain food until rudimentary farming and the domestication of animals were introduced about 10,000 years ago." (Thực sự, đó là phương pháp duy nhất để có được thức ăn cho đến khi nông nghiệp thô sơ và việc thuần hóa động vật được giới thiệu cách đây khoảng 10.000 năm.)
Đáp án B.