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Câu hỏi: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 35 to 50.
A survey is a study, generally in the form of an interview or a questionnaire, which provides information concerning how people think and act. In the United States, the best-known surveys are the Gallup poll and the Harris poll. As anyone who watches the news during presidential campaigns knows, these polls have become an important part of political life in the United States.
North Americans are familiar with the many "person on the street" interviews on local television news shows. While such interviews can be highly entertaining, they are not necessarily an accurate indication of public opinion. First, they reflect the opinions of only those people who appear at a certain location. Thus, such samples can be biased in favor of commuters, middle-class shoppers, or factory workers, depending on which area the news people select. Second, television interviews tend to attract outgoing people who are willing to appear on the air, while they frighten away others who may feel intimidated by a camera. A survey must be based on a precise, representative sampling if it is to genuinely reflect a broad range of the population.
In preparing to conduct a survey, sociologists must exercise great care in the wording of questions. An effective survey question must be simple and clear enough for people to understand it. It must also be specific enough so that there are no problems in interpreting the results. Even questions that are less structured must be carefully phrased in order to elicit the type of information desired. Surveys can be indispensable sources of information, but only if the sampling is done properly and the questions are worded accurately.
There are two main forms of surveys: the interview and the questionnaire. Each of these forms of survey research has its advantages. An interviewer can obtain a high response rate because people find it more difficult to turn down a personal request for an interview than to throw away a written questionnaire. In addition, an interviewer can go beyond written questions and probe for a subject's underlying feelings and reasons. However, questionnaires have the advantage of being cheaper and more consistent.
The word "probe" in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to___________
A. apply
B. analyze
C. influence
D. explore
A survey is a study, generally in the form of an interview or a questionnaire, which provides information concerning how people think and act. In the United States, the best-known surveys are the Gallup poll and the Harris poll. As anyone who watches the news during presidential campaigns knows, these polls have become an important part of political life in the United States.
North Americans are familiar with the many "person on the street" interviews on local television news shows. While such interviews can be highly entertaining, they are not necessarily an accurate indication of public opinion. First, they reflect the opinions of only those people who appear at a certain location. Thus, such samples can be biased in favor of commuters, middle-class shoppers, or factory workers, depending on which area the news people select. Second, television interviews tend to attract outgoing people who are willing to appear on the air, while they frighten away others who may feel intimidated by a camera. A survey must be based on a precise, representative sampling if it is to genuinely reflect a broad range of the population.
In preparing to conduct a survey, sociologists must exercise great care in the wording of questions. An effective survey question must be simple and clear enough for people to understand it. It must also be specific enough so that there are no problems in interpreting the results. Even questions that are less structured must be carefully phrased in order to elicit the type of information desired. Surveys can be indispensable sources of information, but only if the sampling is done properly and the questions are worded accurately.
There are two main forms of surveys: the interview and the questionnaire. Each of these forms of survey research has its advantages. An interviewer can obtain a high response rate because people find it more difficult to turn down a personal request for an interview than to throw away a written questionnaire. In addition, an interviewer can go beyond written questions and probe for a subject's underlying feelings and reasons. However, questionnaires have the advantage of being cheaper and more consistent.
The word "probe" in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to___________
A. apply
B. analyze
C. influence
D. explore
Đáp án D: explore
Kỹ năng đọc hiểu: Câu hỏi từ vựng/ Xác định nghĩa của từ trong ngữ cảnh
Giải thích chi tiết:
Từ "probe" ở đoạn 4 gần nghĩa nhất với ___________
A. ứng dụng
B. phân tích
C. ảnh hưởng
D. khám phá
Từ "probe" xét theo ngữ cảnh của bài này có nghĩa là khám phá, cụ thể là "khám phá thêm những cảm xúc, nguyên do sâu xa từ đối tượng phỏng vấn"
Ý nghĩa cả câu: "In addition, an interviewer can go beyond written questions and probe for a subjects underlying feelings and reasons" - Cuộc phỏng vấn có thể vượt qua khỏi giới hạn của các câu hỏi định sẵn, khám phá thêm những cảm xúc, lý do sâu xa từ đối tượng phỏng vấn.
Kỹ năng đọc hiểu: Câu hỏi từ vựng/ Xác định nghĩa của từ trong ngữ cảnh
Giải thích chi tiết:
Từ "probe" ở đoạn 4 gần nghĩa nhất với ___________
A. ứng dụng
B. phân tích
C. ảnh hưởng
D. khám phá
Từ "probe" xét theo ngữ cảnh của bài này có nghĩa là khám phá, cụ thể là "khám phá thêm những cảm xúc, nguyên do sâu xa từ đối tượng phỏng vấn"
Ý nghĩa cả câu: "In addition, an interviewer can go beyond written questions and probe for a subjects underlying feelings and reasons" - Cuộc phỏng vấn có thể vượt qua khỏi giới hạn của các câu hỏi định sẵn, khám phá thêm những cảm xúc, lý do sâu xa từ đối tượng phỏng vấn.
Đáp án D.