Câu hỏi: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 31 to 35.
The coronavirus is usually transmitted by droplets, such as those produced when coughing and sneezing, and by direct or indirect contact with secretions infected by the virus. The virus may also shed in blood, urine and faeces, and, therefore, there is potential for transmission through contact with a wide range of bodily fluids. Certainly, person-to-person spread has been confirmed in community and healthcare settings across Asia and into Europe. There is also a possibility that asymptomatic carriers may be able to infect people. Public Health England (PHE) has classified the COVID-19 infection as an airborne, high consequence infectious disease (HCID) in the UK.
The application of infection prevention and control (IPC) principles are already widely used by healthcare professionals within hospital and community settings to both prevent the spread of infections and to control outbreaks when they do occur. The WHO has issued interim guidance regarding IPC when COVID-19 is suspected. This advice is echoed by guidance issued by PHE.
PHE suggests the coronavirus may pose complications, such as illness pneumonia or severe acute respiratory infection. They also suggest that patients with long-term conditions or are immunocompromised are at risk of these complications. It is important that as first-line staff, midwives are also familiar with the recommended IPC principles and measures, and ensure they have the appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) when caring for a patient with suspected COVID-19.
The word "interim" in paragraph 2 mostly means ______.
A. temporary
B. everlasting
C. permanent
D. effective
The coronavirus is usually transmitted by droplets, such as those produced when coughing and sneezing, and by direct or indirect contact with secretions infected by the virus. The virus may also shed in blood, urine and faeces, and, therefore, there is potential for transmission through contact with a wide range of bodily fluids. Certainly, person-to-person spread has been confirmed in community and healthcare settings across Asia and into Europe. There is also a possibility that asymptomatic carriers may be able to infect people. Public Health England (PHE) has classified the COVID-19 infection as an airborne, high consequence infectious disease (HCID) in the UK.
The application of infection prevention and control (IPC) principles are already widely used by healthcare professionals within hospital and community settings to both prevent the spread of infections and to control outbreaks when they do occur. The WHO has issued interim guidance regarding IPC when COVID-19 is suspected. This advice is echoed by guidance issued by PHE.
PHE suggests the coronavirus may pose complications, such as illness pneumonia or severe acute respiratory infection. They also suggest that patients with long-term conditions or are immunocompromised are at risk of these complications. It is important that as first-line staff, midwives are also familiar with the recommended IPC principles and measures, and ensure they have the appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) when caring for a patient with suspected COVID-19.
The word "interim" in paragraph 2 mostly means ______.
A. temporary
B. everlasting
C. permanent
D. effective
Từ "interim" trong đoạn 2 gần nghĩa nhất với _____________.
A. temporary /ˈtempəreri/ (a): tạm thời
B. everlasting /ˌevərˈlæstɪŋ/ (a): kéo dài mãi mãi; không bao giờ thay đổi
C. permanent /ˈpɜːrmənənt/ (a): vĩnh viễn
D. effective /ɪˈfektɪv/ (a): hiệu quả
=> Dựa vào câu chứa từ để đoán nghĩa của nó qua ngữ cảnh:
"The application of infection prevention and control (IPC) principles are already widely used by healthcare professionals within hospital and community settings to both prevent the spread of infections and to control outbreaks when they do occur. The WHO has issued interim guidance regarding IPC when COVID-19 is suspected."
(Việc áp dụng các nguyên tắc phòng ngừa và kiểm soát nhiễm trùng (IPC) đã được sử dụng rộng rãi bởi các chuyên gia chăm sóc sức khỏe trong môi trường bệnh viện và cộng đồng để ngăn ngừa sự lan rộng của việc lây nhiễm virus và kiểm soát dịch bệnh khi chúng xảy ra. WHO đã ban hành chỉ dẫn tạm thời về IPC khi có nghi ngờ về COVID-19.)
=> Do đó: interim /ˈɪntərɪm/ (a): tạm thời ~ temporary
A. temporary /ˈtempəreri/ (a): tạm thời
B. everlasting /ˌevərˈlæstɪŋ/ (a): kéo dài mãi mãi; không bao giờ thay đổi
C. permanent /ˈpɜːrmənənt/ (a): vĩnh viễn
D. effective /ɪˈfektɪv/ (a): hiệu quả
=> Dựa vào câu chứa từ để đoán nghĩa của nó qua ngữ cảnh:
"The application of infection prevention and control (IPC) principles are already widely used by healthcare professionals within hospital and community settings to both prevent the spread of infections and to control outbreaks when they do occur. The WHO has issued interim guidance regarding IPC when COVID-19 is suspected."
(Việc áp dụng các nguyên tắc phòng ngừa và kiểm soát nhiễm trùng (IPC) đã được sử dụng rộng rãi bởi các chuyên gia chăm sóc sức khỏe trong môi trường bệnh viện và cộng đồng để ngăn ngừa sự lan rộng của việc lây nhiễm virus và kiểm soát dịch bệnh khi chúng xảy ra. WHO đã ban hành chỉ dẫn tạm thời về IPC khi có nghi ngờ về COVID-19.)
=> Do đó: interim /ˈɪntərɪm/ (a): tạm thời ~ temporary
Đáp án A.