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Câu hỏi: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 39 to 43.
Contrary to the perception that small talk is inconsequential, researchers have found that chit-chat actually has many profound benefits. "As we broke down daily interaction, we realized our most meaningful interactions are not when we're talking about actual work. It's when we're greeting administrative staff, or the friendly gabbing before a meeting," said Jessica R. Methot of Rutgers University and University of Exeter.
To measure the impact of small talk on employee well-being, the researchers surveyed 151 full-time employees working at traditional 9 to 5 jobs outside the home. After controlling for participants' baseline engagement for small talk, the researchers queried about levels of small talk throughout the day, and asked respondents to rate their emotions, work productivity, and overall engagement.
"It didn't matter if you were an introvert whose average amount of small talk was lower than what it is for an extrovert, small talk enhanced employees' daily positive social emotions and contributed to employees feeling connected," Methot said. Methot was quick to explain what small talk is not. It is not long-winded ranting about an ineffective supervisor. It is not a sensitive discussion about someone's personal life. "It is surface level. It is 'Weather looks great this weekend, any plans?' Surface level is what gives it its benefits."
Because small talk builds trust and connections, it also can lead to creative ideas and foster inclusiveness. "Culturally, there are differences in the content and cadence of small talk, which can create a barrier for new employees to engage with colleagues. In this age of greater awareness about diversity and inclusion, small talk can be an asset to a company. It can be a road to more inclusion by helping socialize and embed employees into the organizational culture." Methot said.
(Source: https://journals.aom.org/)
The word "inconsequential" in paragraph 1 mostly means _______.
A. infinitesimal
B. intangible
C. insignificant
D. irrelevant
Contrary to the perception that small talk is inconsequential, researchers have found that chit-chat actually has many profound benefits. "As we broke down daily interaction, we realized our most meaningful interactions are not when we're talking about actual work. It's when we're greeting administrative staff, or the friendly gabbing before a meeting," said Jessica R. Methot of Rutgers University and University of Exeter.
To measure the impact of small talk on employee well-being, the researchers surveyed 151 full-time employees working at traditional 9 to 5 jobs outside the home. After controlling for participants' baseline engagement for small talk, the researchers queried about levels of small talk throughout the day, and asked respondents to rate their emotions, work productivity, and overall engagement.
"It didn't matter if you were an introvert whose average amount of small talk was lower than what it is for an extrovert, small talk enhanced employees' daily positive social emotions and contributed to employees feeling connected," Methot said. Methot was quick to explain what small talk is not. It is not long-winded ranting about an ineffective supervisor. It is not a sensitive discussion about someone's personal life. "It is surface level. It is 'Weather looks great this weekend, any plans?' Surface level is what gives it its benefits."
Because small talk builds trust and connections, it also can lead to creative ideas and foster inclusiveness. "Culturally, there are differences in the content and cadence of small talk, which can create a barrier for new employees to engage with colleagues. In this age of greater awareness about diversity and inclusion, small talk can be an asset to a company. It can be a road to more inclusion by helping socialize and embed employees into the organizational culture." Methot said.
(Source: https://journals.aom.org/)
The word "inconsequential" in paragraph 1 mostly means _______.
A. infinitesimal
B. intangible
C. insignificant
D. irrelevant
Từ "inconsequential" trong đoạn 1 gần nghĩa nhất với_____?
A. infinitesimal /ˌɪn.fɪ.nɪˈtes.ɪ.məl/ (a): rất nhỏ
B. intangible /ɪnˈtæn.dʒə.bəl/ (a): không thể nắm bắt, mơ hồ
C. insignificant /ˌɪn.sɪɡˈnɪf.ɪ.kənt/ (a): không quan trọng
D. irrelevant /ɪˈrel.ə.vənt/ (a): không thích hợp
=> Dựa vào câu chứa từ để đoán nghĩa của nó qua ngữ cảnh:
"Contrary to the perception that small talk is inconsequential, researchers have found that chit-chat actually has many profound benefits. "As we broke down daily interaction, we realized our most meaningful interactions are not when we're talking about actual work. It's when we're greeting administrative staff, or the friendly gabbing before a meeting," said Jessica R. Methot of Rutgers University and University of Exeter."
(Trái ngược với nhận định rằng cuộc hội thoại ngắn là không quan trọng, các nhà nghiên cứu đã phát hiện ra rằng cuộc tán gẫu thực sự có nhiều lợi ích sâu sắc. "Khi chúng tôi chia nhỏ những cuộc tương tác hàng ngày, chúng tôi nhận ra rằng những tương tác có ý nghĩa nhất không phải là khi chúng tôi đang nói về công việc thực tế. Đó là khi chúng tôi chào hỏi nhân viên hành chính hoặc chào hỏi thân thiện trước cuộc họp," Jessica R. Methot của Đại học Rutgers và Đại học Exeter cho biết.)
=> Do đó: inconsequential /ɪnˌkɒn.sɪˈkwen.ʃəl/ (a): không quan trọng ~ insignificant
A. infinitesimal /ˌɪn.fɪ.nɪˈtes.ɪ.məl/ (a): rất nhỏ
B. intangible /ɪnˈtæn.dʒə.bəl/ (a): không thể nắm bắt, mơ hồ
C. insignificant /ˌɪn.sɪɡˈnɪf.ɪ.kənt/ (a): không quan trọng
D. irrelevant /ɪˈrel.ə.vənt/ (a): không thích hợp
=> Dựa vào câu chứa từ để đoán nghĩa của nó qua ngữ cảnh:
"Contrary to the perception that small talk is inconsequential, researchers have found that chit-chat actually has many profound benefits. "As we broke down daily interaction, we realized our most meaningful interactions are not when we're talking about actual work. It's when we're greeting administrative staff, or the friendly gabbing before a meeting," said Jessica R. Methot of Rutgers University and University of Exeter."
(Trái ngược với nhận định rằng cuộc hội thoại ngắn là không quan trọng, các nhà nghiên cứu đã phát hiện ra rằng cuộc tán gẫu thực sự có nhiều lợi ích sâu sắc. "Khi chúng tôi chia nhỏ những cuộc tương tác hàng ngày, chúng tôi nhận ra rằng những tương tác có ý nghĩa nhất không phải là khi chúng tôi đang nói về công việc thực tế. Đó là khi chúng tôi chào hỏi nhân viên hành chính hoặc chào hỏi thân thiện trước cuộc họp," Jessica R. Methot của Đại học Rutgers và Đại học Exeter cho biết.)
=> Do đó: inconsequential /ɪnˌkɒn.sɪˈkwen.ʃəl/ (a): không quan trọng ~ insignificant
Đáp án C.