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Câu hỏi: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 35 to 42.
One of the factors contributing to the intense nature of twenty-first-century stress is our continual exposure to media - particularly to an overabundance of news. If you feel stressed out by the news, you are far from alone. Yet somehow many of us seem unable to prevent ourselves from tuning in to an extreme degree.
The further back we go in human history, the longer news took to travel from place to place, and the less news we had of distant people and lands altogether. The printing press obviously changed all that, as did every subsequent development in transportation and telecommunication. When television came along, it proliferated like a population of rabbits. In 1950, there were 100,000 television sets in North American homes; one year later there were more than a million. Today, it's not unusual for a home to have three or more television sets, each with cable access to perhaps over a hurdred channels. News is the subject of many of those channels, and on several of them it runs 24 hours a day.
What's more, after the traumatic events of September 11, 2001, live newscasts were paired with perennial text crawls across the bottom of the screen – so that viewers could stay abreast of every story all the time.
Needless to say, the news that is reported to us is not good news, but rather disturbing images and sound bytes alluding to disaster (natural and man-made), upheaval, crime, scandal, war, and the like. Compounding the problem is that when actual breaking news is scarce, most broadcasts fill in with scare stories about things that possibly might threaten our health, safety, finances, relationships, waistline, hairline, or very existence in the future. This variety of story tends to treat with equal alarm a potentially lethal flu outbreak and the bogus claims of a wrinkle cream that overpromises smooth skin.
Are humans meant to be able to process so much trauma - not to mention so much overblown anticipation of potential trauma - at once? The human brain, remember, is programmed to slip into alarm mode when danger looms. Danger looms for someone, somewhere at every moment. Exposing ourselves to such input without respite and without perspective cannot be anything other than a source of chronic stress.
The pronoun "them" in paragraph 2 refers to ___________
A. TV channels
B. TV news
C. Television sets
D. Cable access
One of the factors contributing to the intense nature of twenty-first-century stress is our continual exposure to media - particularly to an overabundance of news. If you feel stressed out by the news, you are far from alone. Yet somehow many of us seem unable to prevent ourselves from tuning in to an extreme degree.
The further back we go in human history, the longer news took to travel from place to place, and the less news we had of distant people and lands altogether. The printing press obviously changed all that, as did every subsequent development in transportation and telecommunication. When television came along, it proliferated like a population of rabbits. In 1950, there were 100,000 television sets in North American homes; one year later there were more than a million. Today, it's not unusual for a home to have three or more television sets, each with cable access to perhaps over a hurdred channels. News is the subject of many of those channels, and on several of them it runs 24 hours a day.
What's more, after the traumatic events of September 11, 2001, live newscasts were paired with perennial text crawls across the bottom of the screen – so that viewers could stay abreast of every story all the time.
Needless to say, the news that is reported to us is not good news, but rather disturbing images and sound bytes alluding to disaster (natural and man-made), upheaval, crime, scandal, war, and the like. Compounding the problem is that when actual breaking news is scarce, most broadcasts fill in with scare stories about things that possibly might threaten our health, safety, finances, relationships, waistline, hairline, or very existence in the future. This variety of story tends to treat with equal alarm a potentially lethal flu outbreak and the bogus claims of a wrinkle cream that overpromises smooth skin.
Are humans meant to be able to process so much trauma - not to mention so much overblown anticipation of potential trauma - at once? The human brain, remember, is programmed to slip into alarm mode when danger looms. Danger looms for someone, somewhere at every moment. Exposing ourselves to such input without respite and without perspective cannot be anything other than a source of chronic stress.
The pronoun "them" in paragraph 2 refers to ___________
A. TV channels
B. TV news
C. Television sets
D. Cable access
Đáp án A: TV Channels
Kỹ năng đọc hiểu: Tham chiếu đại từ
Giải thích chi tiết:
Đại từ "them" ở đoạn 2 thay thế cho____________
A. Các kênh TV
B. Tin tức TV
C. TV
D. Hệ thống truyền hình cáp
Đại từ "them" được dùng để thay thế cho danh từ số nhiều, nên đáp án C và D loại vì cả 2 đều là danh từ không đếm được. Còn lại phương án A và B.
Đáp án là A dựa vào ý nghĩa của câu trong bài: "News is the subject of many of those channels, and on several of them it runs 24 hours a day." – Rất nhiều kênh đó đưa tin tức là chủ yếu, và trên một vài kênh, tin tức được đưa 24h/ngày.
Kỹ năng đọc hiểu: Tham chiếu đại từ
Giải thích chi tiết:
Đại từ "them" ở đoạn 2 thay thế cho____________
A. Các kênh TV
B. Tin tức TV
C. TV
D. Hệ thống truyền hình cáp
Đại từ "them" được dùng để thay thế cho danh từ số nhiều, nên đáp án C và D loại vì cả 2 đều là danh từ không đếm được. Còn lại phương án A và B.
Đáp án là A dựa vào ý nghĩa của câu trong bài: "News is the subject of many of those channels, and on several of them it runs 24 hours a day." – Rất nhiều kênh đó đưa tin tức là chủ yếu, và trên một vài kênh, tin tức được đưa 24h/ngày.
Đáp án A.