Câu hỏi: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer the correct answer to each of the following questions.
The pain of a migraine headache can virtually disable a person who suffers from it. Millions and millions of people suffer from migraines, although many of them do not migraine is different from a regular headache. A migraine is not at all the same as a headache, and it seems to have a very physical cause.
One symptom of a migraine is a precursor, which is a visual aura before an attack. Yet only about a third of patients actually experience that, and it is, therefore, not a requirement in the diagnosis. Other symptoms include increased pain when a person moves, nausea, and sensitivity to light and sound.
Scientists now believe that migraines are caused, not by abnormal blood vessels as previously believed, but instead by a unique electrical disorder of brain cells. Physicians used to treat migraines with medicine to constrict blood vessels because of the belief that dilated blood vessels were the cause. The new research has been enhanced by imaging devices that allow scientists to watch patients' brains during an attack. The results show that sufferers have abnormally excitable neurons, or brain nerve cells. Prior to the attack, the neurons suddenly fire off electrical pulses at the back of the brain, which ripple like waves on a lake after a stone hits the water. They ripple across the top and then the back of the brain, ultimately affecting the brain stem where the pain centers are located. The pain then generates possibly from the brain stem itself or from blood vessels inflamed by the rapidly changing blood flow, or perhaps from both.
Scientists have experimented by applying a powerful magnet to stimulate the neurons and discovered that some people's brains react differently than others'. When stimulation was applied to the brains of people who had suffered migraines, they saw the initial aura, and some actually suffered migraines. When the same stimulation was applied to the brains of people who had never suffered migraines, they realized no effect and the neurons showed no change.
Scientists and doctors continue to work on the research in an attempt to find the perfect treatment. It is considered important to treat migraines because it is believed that prolonged untreated attacks could cause physical changes in the brain leading to chronic pain.
The prior treatment for migraines included medicine that _____.
A. eliminated stress
B. Tightened blood vessels
C. eliminated the aura
D. eliminated any pain
The pain of a migraine headache can virtually disable a person who suffers from it. Millions and millions of people suffer from migraines, although many of them do not migraine is different from a regular headache. A migraine is not at all the same as a headache, and it seems to have a very physical cause.
One symptom of a migraine is a precursor, which is a visual aura before an attack. Yet only about a third of patients actually experience that, and it is, therefore, not a requirement in the diagnosis. Other symptoms include increased pain when a person moves, nausea, and sensitivity to light and sound.
Scientists now believe that migraines are caused, not by abnormal blood vessels as previously believed, but instead by a unique electrical disorder of brain cells. Physicians used to treat migraines with medicine to constrict blood vessels because of the belief that dilated blood vessels were the cause. The new research has been enhanced by imaging devices that allow scientists to watch patients' brains during an attack. The results show that sufferers have abnormally excitable neurons, or brain nerve cells. Prior to the attack, the neurons suddenly fire off electrical pulses at the back of the brain, which ripple like waves on a lake after a stone hits the water. They ripple across the top and then the back of the brain, ultimately affecting the brain stem where the pain centers are located. The pain then generates possibly from the brain stem itself or from blood vessels inflamed by the rapidly changing blood flow, or perhaps from both.
Scientists have experimented by applying a powerful magnet to stimulate the neurons and discovered that some people's brains react differently than others'. When stimulation was applied to the brains of people who had suffered migraines, they saw the initial aura, and some actually suffered migraines. When the same stimulation was applied to the brains of people who had never suffered migraines, they realized no effect and the neurons showed no change.
Scientists and doctors continue to work on the research in an attempt to find the perfect treatment. It is considered important to treat migraines because it is believed that prolonged untreated attacks could cause physical changes in the brain leading to chronic pain.
The prior treatment for migraines included medicine that _____.
A. eliminated stress
B. Tightened blood vessels
C. eliminated the aura
D. eliminated any pain
Giải thích:
Việc điều trị chứng đau nửa đầu trước đây bao gồm thuốc mà _____.
A. loại bỏ căng thẳng
B. thắt chặt mạch máu
C. loại bỏ cảm giác
D. loại bỏ mọi đau đớn.
Thông tin: Physicians used to treat migraines with medicine to constrict blood vessels because of the belief that dilated blood vessels were the cause.
Tạm dịch: Các bác sĩ từng chữa đau nửa đầu bằng thuốc làm co mạch máu vì cho rằng mạch máu bị giãn là nguyên nhân gây ra căn bệnh này.
Việc điều trị chứng đau nửa đầu trước đây bao gồm thuốc mà _____.
A. loại bỏ căng thẳng
B. thắt chặt mạch máu
C. loại bỏ cảm giác
D. loại bỏ mọi đau đớn.
Thông tin: Physicians used to treat migraines with medicine to constrict blood vessels because of the belief that dilated blood vessels were the cause.
Tạm dịch: Các bác sĩ từng chữa đau nửa đầu bằng thuốc làm co mạch máu vì cho rằng mạch máu bị giãn là nguyên nhân gây ra căn bệnh này.
Đáp án B.