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Câu hỏi: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 38 to 42.
Birds have evolved many physical attributes that contribute to their flying ability. Wings are important, but adjustable tails, large hearts and light bones play critical roles
To fly, birds, like airplanes, move air across their wings. Wings are designed so that air above the wings is forced to move faster than air below the wing. This creates higher pressure under the wings, called lift, which pushes the bird up. Different wing types evolved for different ways of flying. Prolonged flight requires long wings and an ability to soar. Other birds need superior maneuverability. Finches and sparrows have short, broad wings. Faster birds, like hawks have built - in spoilers that reduce turbulence while flying. This allows a steeper angle of attack without stalling.
Tails have evolved for specialized use. The tail acts like a rudder helping birds steer. Birds brake by spreading out their tails as they land. This adaptation allows them to make sudden, controlled stops in essential skill, since most birds need to land on individual branches or on prey.
Flight takes muscle strength. If body builders had wings, they still could not flap hard enough to leave the ground. Birds have large, specialized hearts that beat much faster than the human heart and provide the necessary oxygen to the muscles. The breast muscle accounts for 15 percent of the bird's body weight. On pigeons, it accounts for a third of their total body weight. Birds carry no excess baggage, they have hollow feathers and hollow bones with struts inside to maintain strength, like cross beams in a bridge. Birds fly to find a prey, escape predators, and attract mates-in other words, to survive.
The phrase "finches and sparrows" refers to___________.
A. wings
B. maneuvers
C. ways of flying
D. birds
Birds have evolved many physical attributes that contribute to their flying ability. Wings are important, but adjustable tails, large hearts and light bones play critical roles
To fly, birds, like airplanes, move air across their wings. Wings are designed so that air above the wings is forced to move faster than air below the wing. This creates higher pressure under the wings, called lift, which pushes the bird up. Different wing types evolved for different ways of flying. Prolonged flight requires long wings and an ability to soar. Other birds need superior maneuverability. Finches and sparrows have short, broad wings. Faster birds, like hawks have built - in spoilers that reduce turbulence while flying. This allows a steeper angle of attack without stalling.
Tails have evolved for specialized use. The tail acts like a rudder helping birds steer. Birds brake by spreading out their tails as they land. This adaptation allows them to make sudden, controlled stops in essential skill, since most birds need to land on individual branches or on prey.
Flight takes muscle strength. If body builders had wings, they still could not flap hard enough to leave the ground. Birds have large, specialized hearts that beat much faster than the human heart and provide the necessary oxygen to the muscles. The breast muscle accounts for 15 percent of the bird's body weight. On pigeons, it accounts for a third of their total body weight. Birds carry no excess baggage, they have hollow feathers and hollow bones with struts inside to maintain strength, like cross beams in a bridge. Birds fly to find a prey, escape predators, and attract mates-in other words, to survive.
The phrase "finches and sparrows" refers to___________.
A. wings
B. maneuvers
C. ways of flying
D. birds
Dịch đề bài: Cụm từ "finches and sparrows" nói đến...
A. cánh
B. vận động/ diễn tập
C. cách bay
D. các loài chim
Câu hỏi về từ vựng. "Finches and sparrows": Các loài chim họ sẻ Thông và chim sẻ. Chọn đáp án D - birds: các loại chim - là gần nghĩa nhất với cụm từ bài cho.
* Mở rộng: Đối với loại bài chọn từ gần nghĩa/ trái nghĩa, nếu không biết nghĩa của từ, có thể dựa vào dữ liệu xung quanh để đoán nghĩa của từ/ cụm từ bài cho.
Ví dụ như câu hỏi này, bài đọc cho: "Finches and sparrows have short, broad wings": Finches and sparrows có cánh ngắn và rộng. Vì bài đọc đang nói về cánh chim, nên có thể suy luận được "Finches and sparrows" là tên của hai loài chim (vì có cánh).
A. cánh
B. vận động/ diễn tập
C. cách bay
D. các loài chim
Câu hỏi về từ vựng. "Finches and sparrows": Các loài chim họ sẻ Thông và chim sẻ. Chọn đáp án D - birds: các loại chim - là gần nghĩa nhất với cụm từ bài cho.
* Mở rộng: Đối với loại bài chọn từ gần nghĩa/ trái nghĩa, nếu không biết nghĩa của từ, có thể dựa vào dữ liệu xung quanh để đoán nghĩa của từ/ cụm từ bài cho.
Ví dụ như câu hỏi này, bài đọc cho: "Finches and sparrows have short, broad wings": Finches and sparrows có cánh ngắn và rộng. Vì bài đọc đang nói về cánh chim, nên có thể suy luận được "Finches and sparrows" là tên của hai loài chim (vì có cánh).
Đáp án D.