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Câu hỏi: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
The emergence of modern humans are explained on the foundation of two main hypotheses. The "Out of Africa" theory holds that homo sapiens burst onto the scene as a new species around 150,000 to 200,000 years ago in Africa and subsequently replaced archaic humans such as the Neanderthals. The other model, known as multi-regional evolution or regional continuity, posits far more ancient and diverse roots for our kind. Proponents of this view believe that homo sapiens arose in Africa some 2 million years ago and evolved as a single species spreading across the Old World, with populations in different regions linked through genetic and cultural exchange.
Of these two models, Out of Africa, which was originally developed based on fossil evidence, and supported by much genetic research, has been favored by the majority of evolution scholars. The vast majority of these genetic studies have focused on DNA from living populations, and although some small progress has been made in recovering DNA from Neanderthal that appears to support multi-regionalism, the chance of recovering nuclear DNA from early human fossils is quite slim at present. Fossils thus remain very much a part of the human origins debate.
Another means of gathering theoretical evidence is through bones. Examinations of early modern human skulls from Central Europe and Australia dated to between 20,000 and 30,000 years old have suggested that both groups apparently exhibit traits seen in their Middle Eastern and African predecessors. But the early modern specimens from Central Europe also display Neanderthal traits, and the early modern Australians showed affinities to archaic Homo from Indonesia. Meanwhile, the debate among paleoanthropologists continues, as supporters of the two hypotheses challenge the evidence and conclusions of each other.
The passage primarily discusses which of the following ________
A. two hypotheses and some evidence on the human origins debate.
B. evidence that supports the "Out of Africa" theory.
C. that fossils remain very much a part of the human origins debate.
D. the difficulties in obtaining agreement among theorists on the human origins debate.
The emergence of modern humans are explained on the foundation of two main hypotheses. The "Out of Africa" theory holds that homo sapiens burst onto the scene as a new species around 150,000 to 200,000 years ago in Africa and subsequently replaced archaic humans such as the Neanderthals. The other model, known as multi-regional evolution or regional continuity, posits far more ancient and diverse roots for our kind. Proponents of this view believe that homo sapiens arose in Africa some 2 million years ago and evolved as a single species spreading across the Old World, with populations in different regions linked through genetic and cultural exchange.
Of these two models, Out of Africa, which was originally developed based on fossil evidence, and supported by much genetic research, has been favored by the majority of evolution scholars. The vast majority of these genetic studies have focused on DNA from living populations, and although some small progress has been made in recovering DNA from Neanderthal that appears to support multi-regionalism, the chance of recovering nuclear DNA from early human fossils is quite slim at present. Fossils thus remain very much a part of the human origins debate.
Another means of gathering theoretical evidence is through bones. Examinations of early modern human skulls from Central Europe and Australia dated to between 20,000 and 30,000 years old have suggested that both groups apparently exhibit traits seen in their Middle Eastern and African predecessors. But the early modern specimens from Central Europe also display Neanderthal traits, and the early modern Australians showed affinities to archaic Homo from Indonesia. Meanwhile, the debate among paleoanthropologists continues, as supporters of the two hypotheses challenge the evidence and conclusions of each other.
The passage primarily discusses which of the following ________
A. two hypotheses and some evidence on the human origins debate.
B. evidence that supports the "Out of Africa" theory.
C. that fossils remain very much a part of the human origins debate.
D. the difficulties in obtaining agreement among theorists on the human origins debate.
Kiến thức: Đọc hiểu
Giải thích:
Đoạn văn chủ yếu thảo luận về __________
A. hai giả thuyết và một số bằng chứng về cuộc tranh luận về nguồn gốc loài người.
B. bằng chứng ủng hộ thuyết "Ra khỏi châu Phi".
C. hóa thạch vẫn còn là một phần của cuộc tranh luận về nguồn gốc loài người.
D. những khó khăn trong việc đạt được sự đồng thuận giữa các nhà lý thuyết về cuộc tranh luận về nguồn gốc loài người.
Thông tin: There are two main hypotheses when it comes to explaining the emergence of modern humans... Fossils thus remain very much a part of the human origins debate. Another means of gathering theoretical evidence is through bones.
Tạm dịch: Có hai giả thuyết chính khi giải thích sự xuất hiện của con người hiện đại. Vì vậy, hóa thạch vẫn là một phần của cuộc tranh luận về nguồn gốc loài người. Một phương tiện khác để thu thập bằng chứng lý thuyết là thông qua xương.
Giải thích:
Đoạn văn chủ yếu thảo luận về __________
A. hai giả thuyết và một số bằng chứng về cuộc tranh luận về nguồn gốc loài người.
B. bằng chứng ủng hộ thuyết "Ra khỏi châu Phi".
C. hóa thạch vẫn còn là một phần của cuộc tranh luận về nguồn gốc loài người.
D. những khó khăn trong việc đạt được sự đồng thuận giữa các nhà lý thuyết về cuộc tranh luận về nguồn gốc loài người.
Thông tin: There are two main hypotheses when it comes to explaining the emergence of modern humans... Fossils thus remain very much a part of the human origins debate. Another means of gathering theoretical evidence is through bones.
Tạm dịch: Có hai giả thuyết chính khi giải thích sự xuất hiện của con người hiện đại. Vì vậy, hóa thạch vẫn là một phần của cuộc tranh luận về nguồn gốc loài người. Một phương tiện khác để thu thập bằng chứng lý thuyết là thông qua xương.
Đáp án A.