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Câu hỏi: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50.
The elements other than hydrogen and helium exist in such small quantities that it is accurate to say that the universe is somewhat more than 25 percent helium by weight and somewhat less than 75 percent hydrogen.
Astronomers have measured the abundance of helium throughout our galaxy and in other galaxies as well. Helium has been found in old stars, in relatively young ones, in interstellar gas, and in the distant objects known as quasars. Helium nuclei have also been found to be constituents of cosmic rays that fall on the earth (cosmic rays are not really a form of radiation; they consist of rapidly moving particles of numerous different kinds). It doesn’t seem to make very much difference where the helium is found. Its relative abundance never seems to vary much. In some places, there may be slightly more of it; in others, slightly less, but the ratio of helium to hydrogen nuclei always remains about the same.
Helium is created in stars. In fact, nuclear reactions that convert hydrogen to helium are responsible for most of the energy that stars produce. However, the amount of helium that could have been produced in this manner can be calculated, and it turns out to be no more than a few percent. The universe has not existed long enough for this figure to be significantly greater. Consequently, if the universe is somewhat more than 25 percent helium now, then it must have been about 25 percent helium at a time near the beginning.
However, when the universe was less than one minute old, no helium could have existed. Calculations indicate that before this time temperatures were too high and particles of matter were moving around much too rapidly. It was only after the one- minute point that helium could exist. By this time, the universe had cooled so sufficiently that neutrons and protons could stick together. But the nuclear reactions that led to the formations of helium went on for only relatively short time. By the time the universe was a few minutes old, helium production had effectively ceased
The creation of helium within stars____________.
A. cannot be measured
B. produces hydrogen as a by-product
C. produces energy
D. causes helium to be much more abundant in old stars than in young stars
The elements other than hydrogen and helium exist in such small quantities that it is accurate to say that the universe is somewhat more than 25 percent helium by weight and somewhat less than 75 percent hydrogen.
Astronomers have measured the abundance of helium throughout our galaxy and in other galaxies as well. Helium has been found in old stars, in relatively young ones, in interstellar gas, and in the distant objects known as quasars. Helium nuclei have also been found to be constituents of cosmic rays that fall on the earth (cosmic rays are not really a form of radiation; they consist of rapidly moving particles of numerous different kinds). It doesn’t seem to make very much difference where the helium is found. Its relative abundance never seems to vary much. In some places, there may be slightly more of it; in others, slightly less, but the ratio of helium to hydrogen nuclei always remains about the same.
Helium is created in stars. In fact, nuclear reactions that convert hydrogen to helium are responsible for most of the energy that stars produce. However, the amount of helium that could have been produced in this manner can be calculated, and it turns out to be no more than a few percent. The universe has not existed long enough for this figure to be significantly greater. Consequently, if the universe is somewhat more than 25 percent helium now, then it must have been about 25 percent helium at a time near the beginning.
However, when the universe was less than one minute old, no helium could have existed. Calculations indicate that before this time temperatures were too high and particles of matter were moving around much too rapidly. It was only after the one- minute point that helium could exist. By this time, the universe had cooled so sufficiently that neutrons and protons could stick together. But the nuclear reactions that led to the formations of helium went on for only relatively short time. By the time the universe was a few minutes old, helium production had effectively ceased
The creation of helium within stars____________.
A. cannot be measured
B. produces hydrogen as a by-product
C. produces energy
D. causes helium to be much more abundant in old stars than in young stars
Dịch đề bài: Sự tạo thành Heli ở các ngôi sao____________
A. không thể đo lường được
B. sinh ra Hydro như một sản phẩm phụ
C. sinh ra năng lượng
D. khiến Heli trở nên dồi dào hơn nhiều ở các ngôi sao già so với các ngôi sao trẻ
Câu hỏi lấy thông tin. Hướng dẫn làm bài có ở câu 44.
Trích thông tin bài: “Helium is created in stars. In fact, nuclear reactions that convert hydrogen to helium are responsible for most of the energy that stars produce.”
Tạm dịch: Heli được tạo ở các ngôi sao. Trong thực tế, các phản ứng hạt nhân chuyển Hydro thành Heli chịu trách nhiệm sinh ra phần lớn năng lượng mà các ngôi sao sinh ra. → phản ứng chuyển Hydro thành Heli sinh ra phần lớn năng lượng của các ngôi sao.
Vậy, đáp án C là phù hợp.
A. không thể đo lường được
B. sinh ra Hydro như một sản phẩm phụ
C. sinh ra năng lượng
D. khiến Heli trở nên dồi dào hơn nhiều ở các ngôi sao già so với các ngôi sao trẻ
Câu hỏi lấy thông tin. Hướng dẫn làm bài có ở câu 44.
Trích thông tin bài: “Helium is created in stars. In fact, nuclear reactions that convert hydrogen to helium are responsible for most of the energy that stars produce.”
Tạm dịch: Heli được tạo ở các ngôi sao. Trong thực tế, các phản ứng hạt nhân chuyển Hydro thành Heli chịu trách nhiệm sinh ra phần lớn năng lượng mà các ngôi sao sinh ra. → phản ứng chuyển Hydro thành Heli sinh ra phần lớn năng lượng của các ngôi sao.
Vậy, đáp án C là phù hợp.
Đáp án C.