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Câu hỏi: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 35 to 42.
Until recently, most American entrepreneurs were men. Discrimination against women in business, the demands of caring for families, and lack of business training had kept the number of women entrepreneurs small. Now, however, businesses owned by women account for more than $40 billion in annual revenues, and this figure is likely to continue rising throughout the 1990s. As Carolyn Doppelt Gray, an official of the Small Business Administration, has noted, "The 1970s was the decade of women entering management, and the 1980s turned out to be the decade of the woman entrepreneur". What are some of the factors behind this trend? For one thing, as more women earn advanced degrees in business and enter the corporate world, they are finding obstacles. Women are still excluded from most executive suites. Charlotte Taylor, a management consultant, had noted, "In the 1970s women believed if they got an MBA and worked hard they could become chairman of the board. Now they've found out that isn't going to happen, so they go out on their own".
In the past, most women entrepreneurs worked in "women's" fields: cosmetics and clothing, for example. But this is changing. Consider ASK Computer Systems, a $22-million-a-year computer software business. It was founded in 1973 by Sandra Kurtzig, who was then a housewife with degrees in math and engineering. When Kurtzig founded the business, her first product was software that let weekly newspapers keep tabs on their newspaper carriersand her office was a bedroom at home, with a shoebox under the bed to hold the company's cash. After she succeeded with the newspaper software system, she hired several bright computer-science graduates to develop additional programs. When these were marketed and sold, ASK began to grow. It now has 200 employees, and Sandra Kurtzig owns $ 66.9 million of stock.
Of course, many women who start their own businesses fail, just as men often do. They still face hurdles in the business world, especially problems in raising money; the banking and finance world is still dominated by men, and old attitudes die hard. Most businesses owned by women are still quite small. But the situation is changing; there are likely to be many more Sandra Kurtzigs in the years ahead.
The author's attitude about the future of women in business is___________
A. skeptical
B. optimistic
C. frustrated
D. negative
Until recently, most American entrepreneurs were men. Discrimination against women in business, the demands of caring for families, and lack of business training had kept the number of women entrepreneurs small. Now, however, businesses owned by women account for more than $40 billion in annual revenues, and this figure is likely to continue rising throughout the 1990s. As Carolyn Doppelt Gray, an official of the Small Business Administration, has noted, "The 1970s was the decade of women entering management, and the 1980s turned out to be the decade of the woman entrepreneur". What are some of the factors behind this trend? For one thing, as more women earn advanced degrees in business and enter the corporate world, they are finding obstacles. Women are still excluded from most executive suites. Charlotte Taylor, a management consultant, had noted, "In the 1970s women believed if they got an MBA and worked hard they could become chairman of the board. Now they've found out that isn't going to happen, so they go out on their own".
In the past, most women entrepreneurs worked in "women's" fields: cosmetics and clothing, for example. But this is changing. Consider ASK Computer Systems, a $22-million-a-year computer software business. It was founded in 1973 by Sandra Kurtzig, who was then a housewife with degrees in math and engineering. When Kurtzig founded the business, her first product was software that let weekly newspapers keep tabs on their newspaper carriersand her office was a bedroom at home, with a shoebox under the bed to hold the company's cash. After she succeeded with the newspaper software system, she hired several bright computer-science graduates to develop additional programs. When these were marketed and sold, ASK began to grow. It now has 200 employees, and Sandra Kurtzig owns $ 66.9 million of stock.
Of course, many women who start their own businesses fail, just as men often do. They still face hurdles in the business world, especially problems in raising money; the banking and finance world is still dominated by men, and old attitudes die hard. Most businesses owned by women are still quite small. But the situation is changing; there are likely to be many more Sandra Kurtzigs in the years ahead.
The author's attitude about the future of women in business is___________
A. skeptical
B. optimistic
C. frustrated
D. negative
Đáp án B: optimistic
Kỹ năng đọc hiểu: Thái độ của tác giả
Giải thích chi tiết:
Thái độ của tác giả về vai trò của phụ nữ trong lĩnh vực kinh doanh trong tương lại là ___________
A. hoài nghi
B. tích cực
C. chán nản
D. tiêu cực
Như đã phân tích ở câu 41, trong đoạn cuối bài, tác giả có nói về khó khăn trong việc vay vốn của các nữ doanh nhân dẫn đến việc các doanh nghiệp do phụ nữ thành lập thường là các doanh nghiệp nhỏ. Tuy nhiên, sau những khó khăn ấy, tác giả chốt lại như sau: "But the situation is changing; there are likely to be many more Sandra Kurtzigs in the years ahead" (Nhưng thời thế đang thay đổi, chắc chắn sẽ có ngày càng nhiều Sandra Kurtzig xuất hiện trong những năm tới.)
Qua câu cuối này, người đọc có thể thấy tác giả rất lạc quan, tin vào việc phụ nữ sẽ tiếp tục vươn lên và khẳng định vai trò của mình trong lĩnh vực kinh doanh. Như vậy đáp án B là đáp án phù hợp nhất.
Kỹ năng đọc hiểu: Thái độ của tác giả
Giải thích chi tiết:
Thái độ của tác giả về vai trò của phụ nữ trong lĩnh vực kinh doanh trong tương lại là ___________
A. hoài nghi
B. tích cực
C. chán nản
D. tiêu cực
Như đã phân tích ở câu 41, trong đoạn cuối bài, tác giả có nói về khó khăn trong việc vay vốn của các nữ doanh nhân dẫn đến việc các doanh nghiệp do phụ nữ thành lập thường là các doanh nghiệp nhỏ. Tuy nhiên, sau những khó khăn ấy, tác giả chốt lại như sau: "But the situation is changing; there are likely to be many more Sandra Kurtzigs in the years ahead" (Nhưng thời thế đang thay đổi, chắc chắn sẽ có ngày càng nhiều Sandra Kurtzig xuất hiện trong những năm tới.)
Qua câu cuối này, người đọc có thể thấy tác giả rất lạc quan, tin vào việc phụ nữ sẽ tiếp tục vươn lên và khẳng định vai trò của mình trong lĩnh vực kinh doanh. Như vậy đáp án B là đáp án phù hợp nhất.
Đáp án B.