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Câu hỏi: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer the correct answer to each of the following questions.
The pain of a migraine headache can virtually disable a person who suffers from it. Millions and millions of people suffer from migraines, although many of them do not migraine is different from a regular headache. A migraine is not at all the same as a headache, and it seems to have a very physical cause.
One symptom of a migraine is a precursor, which is a visual aura before an attack. Yet only about a third of patients actually experience that, and it is, therefore, not a requirement in the diagnosis. Other symptoms include increased pain when a person moves, nausea, and sensitivity to light and sound.
Scientists now believe that migraines are caused, not by abnormal blood vessels as previously believed, but instead by a unique electrical disorder of brain cells. Physicians used to treat migraines with medicine to constrict blood vessels because of the belief that dilated blood vessels were the cause. The new research has been enhanced by imaging devices that allow scientists to watch patients' brains during an attack. The results show that sufferers have abnormally excitable neurons, or brain nerve cells. Prior to the attack, the neurons suddenly fire off electrical pulses at the back of the brain, which ripple like waves on a lake after a stone hits the water. They ripple across the top and then the back of the brain, ultimately affecting the brain stem where the pain centers are located. The pain then generates possibly from the brain stem itself or from blood vessels inflamed by the rapidly changing blood flow, or perhaps from both.
Scientists have experimented by applying a powerful magnet to stimulate the neurons and discovered that some people's brains react differently than others'. When stimulation was applied to the brains of people who had suffered migraines, they saw the initial aura, and some actually suffered migraines. When the same stimulation was applied to the brains of people who had never suffered migraines, they realized no effect and the neurons showed no change.
Scientists and doctors continue to work on the research in an attempt to find the perfect treatment. It is considered important to treat migraines because it is believed that prolonged untreated attacks could cause physical changes in the brain leading to chronic pain.
Scientists have caused neurons to react by applying _____.
A. a magnetic field
B. imaging
C. drugs
D. electric charges
The pain of a migraine headache can virtually disable a person who suffers from it. Millions and millions of people suffer from migraines, although many of them do not migraine is different from a regular headache. A migraine is not at all the same as a headache, and it seems to have a very physical cause.
One symptom of a migraine is a precursor, which is a visual aura before an attack. Yet only about a third of patients actually experience that, and it is, therefore, not a requirement in the diagnosis. Other symptoms include increased pain when a person moves, nausea, and sensitivity to light and sound.
Scientists now believe that migraines are caused, not by abnormal blood vessels as previously believed, but instead by a unique electrical disorder of brain cells. Physicians used to treat migraines with medicine to constrict blood vessels because of the belief that dilated blood vessels were the cause. The new research has been enhanced by imaging devices that allow scientists to watch patients' brains during an attack. The results show that sufferers have abnormally excitable neurons, or brain nerve cells. Prior to the attack, the neurons suddenly fire off electrical pulses at the back of the brain, which ripple like waves on a lake after a stone hits the water. They ripple across the top and then the back of the brain, ultimately affecting the brain stem where the pain centers are located. The pain then generates possibly from the brain stem itself or from blood vessels inflamed by the rapidly changing blood flow, or perhaps from both.
Scientists have experimented by applying a powerful magnet to stimulate the neurons and discovered that some people's brains react differently than others'. When stimulation was applied to the brains of people who had suffered migraines, they saw the initial aura, and some actually suffered migraines. When the same stimulation was applied to the brains of people who had never suffered migraines, they realized no effect and the neurons showed no change.
Scientists and doctors continue to work on the research in an attempt to find the perfect treatment. It is considered important to treat migraines because it is believed that prolonged untreated attacks could cause physical changes in the brain leading to chronic pain.
Scientists have caused neurons to react by applying _____.
A. a magnetic field
B. imaging
C. drugs
D. electric charges
Giải thích:
Các nhà khoa học đã khiến các tế bào thần kinh phản ứng bằng cách áp dụng _____.
A. từ trường
B. hình ảnh
C. thuốc
D. điện tích
Thông tin: Scientists have experimented by applying a powerful magnet to stimulate the neurons and discovered that some people's brains react differently than others'.
Tạm dịch: Các nhà khoa học đã thử nghiệm bằng cách sử dụng một nam châm cực mạnh để kích thích các tế bào thần kinh và phát hiện ra rằng não của một số người phản ứng khác với những người khác.
Các nhà khoa học đã khiến các tế bào thần kinh phản ứng bằng cách áp dụng _____.
A. từ trường
B. hình ảnh
C. thuốc
D. điện tích
Thông tin: Scientists have experimented by applying a powerful magnet to stimulate the neurons and discovered that some people's brains react differently than others'.
Tạm dịch: Các nhà khoa học đã thử nghiệm bằng cách sử dụng một nam châm cực mạnh để kích thích các tế bào thần kinh và phát hiện ra rằng não của một số người phản ứng khác với những người khác.
Đáp án A.