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Câu hỏi: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 44 to 50.
Plants and animals will find it difficult to escape from or adjust to the effects of global warming. Scientists have already observed shifts in the lifecycles of many plants and animals, such as flowers blooming earlier and birds hatching earlier in the spring. Many species have begun shifting where they live or their annual migration patterns due to warmer temperatures.
With further warming, animals will tend to migrate toward the poles and up mountainsides toward higher elevations. Plants will also attempt to shift their ranges, seeking new areas as old habitats grow too warm. In many places, however, human development will prevent these shifts. Species that find cities or farmland blocking their way north or south may become extinct. Species living in unique ecosystems, such as those found in polar and mountaintop regions, are especially at risk because migration to new habitats is not possible. For example, polar bears and marine mammals in the Arctic are already threatened by dwindling sea ice but have nowhere farther north to go.
Projecting species extinction due to global warming is extremely difficult. Some scientists have estimated that 20 to 50 percent of species could be committed to extinction with 2 to 3 Celsius degrees of further warming. The rate of warming, not just the magnitude, is extremely important for plants and animals. Some species and even entire ecosystems, such as certain types of forest, may not be able to adjust quickly enough and may disappear.
Ocean ecosystems, especially fragile ones like coral reefs, will also be affected by global warming. Warmer ocean temperatures can cause coral to "bleach", a state which if prolonged will lead to the death of the coral. Scientists estimate that even 1 Celsius degree of additional warming could lead to widespread bleaching and death of coral reefs around the world. Also, increasing carbon dioxide in the atmosphere enters the ocean and increases the acidity of ocean waters. This acidification further stresses ocean ecosystems.
It is mentioned in the passage that if the global temperature rose by 2 or 3 Celsius degrees, _____________
A. 20 to 50 percent of species could become extinct
B. the sea level would rise by 20 centimeters
C. half of the earth's surface would be flooded
D. water supply would decrease by 50 percent
Plants and animals will find it difficult to escape from or adjust to the effects of global warming. Scientists have already observed shifts in the lifecycles of many plants and animals, such as flowers blooming earlier and birds hatching earlier in the spring. Many species have begun shifting where they live or their annual migration patterns due to warmer temperatures.
With further warming, animals will tend to migrate toward the poles and up mountainsides toward higher elevations. Plants will also attempt to shift their ranges, seeking new areas as old habitats grow too warm. In many places, however, human development will prevent these shifts. Species that find cities or farmland blocking their way north or south may become extinct. Species living in unique ecosystems, such as those found in polar and mountaintop regions, are especially at risk because migration to new habitats is not possible. For example, polar bears and marine mammals in the Arctic are already threatened by dwindling sea ice but have nowhere farther north to go.
Projecting species extinction due to global warming is extremely difficult. Some scientists have estimated that 20 to 50 percent of species could be committed to extinction with 2 to 3 Celsius degrees of further warming. The rate of warming, not just the magnitude, is extremely important for plants and animals. Some species and even entire ecosystems, such as certain types of forest, may not be able to adjust quickly enough and may disappear.
Ocean ecosystems, especially fragile ones like coral reefs, will also be affected by global warming. Warmer ocean temperatures can cause coral to "bleach", a state which if prolonged will lead to the death of the coral. Scientists estimate that even 1 Celsius degree of additional warming could lead to widespread bleaching and death of coral reefs around the world. Also, increasing carbon dioxide in the atmosphere enters the ocean and increases the acidity of ocean waters. This acidification further stresses ocean ecosystems.
It is mentioned in the passage that if the global temperature rose by 2 or 3 Celsius degrees, _____________
A. 20 to 50 percent of species could become extinct
B. the sea level would rise by 20 centimeters
C. half of the earth's surface would be flooded
D. water supply would decrease by 50 percent
Trong đoạn văn có đề cập rằng nếu nhiệt độ toàn cầu tăng thêm 2 hoặc 3 độ C, thì ________.
A. 20 đến 50% các loài có thể tuyệt chủng
B. mực nước biển sẽ tăng thêm 20 cm
C. nửa bề mặt Trái Đất sẽ bị lũ lụt
D. nguồn cung nước sẽ sụt giảm đi 50%
Thông tin: Some scientists have estimated that 20 to 50 percent of species could be committed to extinction with 2 to 3 Celsius degrees of further warming. (Một số nhà khoa học đã ước tính rằng 20 đến 50% các loài có thể bị tuyệt chủng khi nhiệt độ ấm thêm 2 đến 3 độ.)
A. 20 đến 50% các loài có thể tuyệt chủng
B. mực nước biển sẽ tăng thêm 20 cm
C. nửa bề mặt Trái Đất sẽ bị lũ lụt
D. nguồn cung nước sẽ sụt giảm đi 50%
Thông tin: Some scientists have estimated that 20 to 50 percent of species could be committed to extinction with 2 to 3 Celsius degrees of further warming. (Một số nhà khoa học đã ước tính rằng 20 đến 50% các loài có thể bị tuyệt chủng khi nhiệt độ ấm thêm 2 đến 3 độ.)
Đáp án A.