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Câu hỏi: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 44 to 50
If you go back far enough, everything lived in the sea. At various points in evolutionary history, enterprising individuals within many different animal groups moved out onto the land, sometimes even to the most parched deserts, taking their own private seawater with them in blood and cellular fluids. In addition to the reptiles, birds, mammals and insects which we see all around us, other groups that have succeeded out of water include scorpions, snails, crustaceans such as woodlice and land crabs, millipedes and centipedes, spiders and various worms. And we mustn’t forget the plants, without whose prior invasion of the land, none of the other migrations could have happened.
Moving from water to land involved a major redesign of every aspect of life, including breathing and reproduction. Nevertheless, a good number of thoroughgoing land animals later turned around, abandoned their hard-earned terrestrial re-tooling, and returned to the water again. Seals have only gone part way back. They show us what the intermediates might have been like, on the way to extreme cases such as whales and dugongs. Whales (including the small whales we call dolphins) and dugongs, with their close cousins, the manatees, ceased to be land creatures altogether and reverted to the full marine habits of their remote ancestors. They don’t even come ashore to breed. They do, however, still breathe air, having never developed anything equivalent to the gills of their earlier marine incarnation. Turtles went back to the sea a very long time ago and, like all vertebrate returnees to the water, they breathe air. However, they are, in one respect, less fully given back to the water than whales or dugongs, for turtles still lay their eggs on beaches.
There is evidence that all modem turtles are descended from a terrestrial ancestor which lived before most of the dinosaurs. There are two key fossils called Proganochelys quenstedti and Palaeochersis talampayensis dating from early dinosaur times, which appear to be close to the ancestry of all modem turtles and tortoise. You might wonder how we can tell whether fossil animals lived in land or in water, especially if only fragments are found. Sometimes it’s obvious. Ichthyosaurs were reptilian contemporaries of the dinosaurs, with fins and streamlined bodies. The fossils look like dolphins and they surely lived like dolphins, in the water. With turtles it is a little less obvious. One way to tell is by measuring the bones of their forelimbs.
It can be inferred from the passage that _______.
A. it’s clear to determine the living places of all species through the fragments found
B. the body features of the fossil animals help scientists to distinguish the terrestrial and marine species
C. turtles’ ancestor and dinosaurs became extinct contemporarily
D. the fossils of turtles and tortoises might have the similar appearances with dolphins
If you go back far enough, everything lived in the sea. At various points in evolutionary history, enterprising individuals within many different animal groups moved out onto the land, sometimes even to the most parched deserts, taking their own private seawater with them in blood and cellular fluids. In addition to the reptiles, birds, mammals and insects which we see all around us, other groups that have succeeded out of water include scorpions, snails, crustaceans such as woodlice and land crabs, millipedes and centipedes, spiders and various worms. And we mustn’t forget the plants, without whose prior invasion of the land, none of the other migrations could have happened.
Moving from water to land involved a major redesign of every aspect of life, including breathing and reproduction. Nevertheless, a good number of thoroughgoing land animals later turned around, abandoned their hard-earned terrestrial re-tooling, and returned to the water again. Seals have only gone part way back. They show us what the intermediates might have been like, on the way to extreme cases such as whales and dugongs. Whales (including the small whales we call dolphins) and dugongs, with their close cousins, the manatees, ceased to be land creatures altogether and reverted to the full marine habits of their remote ancestors. They don’t even come ashore to breed. They do, however, still breathe air, having never developed anything equivalent to the gills of their earlier marine incarnation. Turtles went back to the sea a very long time ago and, like all vertebrate returnees to the water, they breathe air. However, they are, in one respect, less fully given back to the water than whales or dugongs, for turtles still lay their eggs on beaches.
There is evidence that all modem turtles are descended from a terrestrial ancestor which lived before most of the dinosaurs. There are two key fossils called Proganochelys quenstedti and Palaeochersis talampayensis dating from early dinosaur times, which appear to be close to the ancestry of all modem turtles and tortoise. You might wonder how we can tell whether fossil animals lived in land or in water, especially if only fragments are found. Sometimes it’s obvious. Ichthyosaurs were reptilian contemporaries of the dinosaurs, with fins and streamlined bodies. The fossils look like dolphins and they surely lived like dolphins, in the water. With turtles it is a little less obvious. One way to tell is by measuring the bones of their forelimbs.
It can be inferred from the passage that _______.
A. it’s clear to determine the living places of all species through the fragments found
B. the body features of the fossil animals help scientists to distinguish the terrestrial and marine species
C. turtles’ ancestor and dinosaurs became extinct contemporarily
D. the fossils of turtles and tortoises might have the similar appearances with dolphins
Giải thích:
Có thể suy ra từ đoạn cuối rằng:
A. rất rõ ràng để phân biệt nơi sống của tất cả các loài thông qua các mảnh vỡ được tìm thấy.
B. đặc điểm cơ thể của các động vật hóa thạch giúp các nhà khoa học phân biệt được loài sống trên cạn và dưới
nước.
C. tổ tiên loài rùa và khủng long tuyệt chủng cùng thời.
D. hóa thạch của rùa cạn và rùa biển có thể có ngoại hình giống với cá heo.
You might wonder how we can tell whether fossil animals lived in land or in water, especially if only fragments are found. Sometimes it's obvious. Ichthyosaurs were reptilian contemporaries of the dinosaurs, with fins and streamlined bodies. The fossils look like dolphins and they surely lived like dolphins, in the water. With turtles it is a little less obvious. One way to tell is by measuring the bones of their forelimbs.
Bạn có thể tự hỏi làm thế nào chúng ta có thể biết được là các động vật hóa thạch này sống trên cạn hay dưới nước, đặc biệt là nếu chỉ tìm thấy được mảnh vỡ của chúng. Đôi khi điều đó rất dễ thấy. Thằn lằn là loại cùng thời bò sát với loài khủng long, có vây và có dáng thuôn. Các hóa thạch trông giống như cả heo và chắc chắn chủng đã sống như cả heo khi sống dưới nước. Với rùa thì điều này ít rõ ràng hơn. Một cách để biết điều đó là đo xương chi trước của chúng.
Có thể suy ra từ đoạn cuối rằng:
A. rất rõ ràng để phân biệt nơi sống của tất cả các loài thông qua các mảnh vỡ được tìm thấy.
B. đặc điểm cơ thể của các động vật hóa thạch giúp các nhà khoa học phân biệt được loài sống trên cạn và dưới
nước.
C. tổ tiên loài rùa và khủng long tuyệt chủng cùng thời.
D. hóa thạch của rùa cạn và rùa biển có thể có ngoại hình giống với cá heo.
You might wonder how we can tell whether fossil animals lived in land or in water, especially if only fragments are found. Sometimes it's obvious. Ichthyosaurs were reptilian contemporaries of the dinosaurs, with fins and streamlined bodies. The fossils look like dolphins and they surely lived like dolphins, in the water. With turtles it is a little less obvious. One way to tell is by measuring the bones of their forelimbs.
Bạn có thể tự hỏi làm thế nào chúng ta có thể biết được là các động vật hóa thạch này sống trên cạn hay dưới nước, đặc biệt là nếu chỉ tìm thấy được mảnh vỡ của chúng. Đôi khi điều đó rất dễ thấy. Thằn lằn là loại cùng thời bò sát với loài khủng long, có vây và có dáng thuôn. Các hóa thạch trông giống như cả heo và chắc chắn chủng đã sống như cả heo khi sống dưới nước. Với rùa thì điều này ít rõ ràng hơn. Một cách để biết điều đó là đo xương chi trước của chúng.
Đáp án B.