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Câu hỏi: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 46 to 50
In many cities worldwide, urban development is having a direct impact on the weather. It has been noticed that the difference in temperature is usually greater at night and the phenomenon occurs in both winter ___46___ summer. Experts agree that this is due to urban development, when open green spaces are replaced with asphalt roads and tall brick or concrete buildings. These materials retain heat ___47___ by the Sun and release it through the night. In Atlanta, in the US, this has even led to thunderstorms which occur in the morning rather than, as more common, in the afternoon. Large cities around the world are adopting strategies to ___48___ this issue and it is not uncommon to find plants growing on top of roofs or down the walls of large buildings. In Singapore, the government has pledged to transform it ___49___ a "city within a garden" and, in 2006, they held an international competition calling for entries to develop a master plan to help bring this about. One outcome was the creation of 18 "Supertrees" – metal constructions ___50___ resemble very tall trees. Each one is a vertical freestanding garden and is home to exotic plants and ferns. They also contain solar panels used to light the trees at night and also containers to collect rainwater, making them truly self-sufficient.
A. generating
B. to generate
C. generated
D. to be generated
In many cities worldwide, urban development is having a direct impact on the weather. It has been noticed that the difference in temperature is usually greater at night and the phenomenon occurs in both winter ___46___ summer. Experts agree that this is due to urban development, when open green spaces are replaced with asphalt roads and tall brick or concrete buildings. These materials retain heat ___47___ by the Sun and release it through the night. In Atlanta, in the US, this has even led to thunderstorms which occur in the morning rather than, as more common, in the afternoon. Large cities around the world are adopting strategies to ___48___ this issue and it is not uncommon to find plants growing on top of roofs or down the walls of large buildings. In Singapore, the government has pledged to transform it ___49___ a "city within a garden" and, in 2006, they held an international competition calling for entries to develop a master plan to help bring this about. One outcome was the creation of 18 "Supertrees" – metal constructions ___50___ resemble very tall trees. Each one is a vertical freestanding garden and is home to exotic plants and ferns. They also contain solar panels used to light the trees at night and also containers to collect rainwater, making them truly self-sufficient.
(Adapted from "The Official Cambridge Guide to IELTS" by Pauline Cullen, Amanda French and Vanessa Jakeman)
The word or phrase which best fits the gap (47) is...A. generating
B. to generate
C. generated
D. to be generated
Giải thích:
Rút gọn mệnh đề quan hệ dạng bị động, ta bỏ đại từ quan hệ và to be, chỉ giữ lại quá khứ phân từ.
Viết đầy đủ: These materials retain heat which is generated by the Sun and release it through the night.
Rút gọn: These materials retain heat generated by the Sun and release it through the night.
Tạm dịch: Những vật liệu này giữ lại nhiệt do Mặt trời tạo ra và giải phóng nó vào ban đêm.
Rút gọn mệnh đề quan hệ dạng bị động, ta bỏ đại từ quan hệ và to be, chỉ giữ lại quá khứ phân từ.
Viết đầy đủ: These materials retain heat which is generated by the Sun and release it through the night.
Rút gọn: These materials retain heat generated by the Sun and release it through the night.
Tạm dịch: Những vật liệu này giữ lại nhiệt do Mặt trời tạo ra và giải phóng nó vào ban đêm.
Đáp án C.