Câu hỏi: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of questions from 43 to 50.
The human criterion for perfect vision is 20/20 for reading the standard lines on a Snellen eye chart without a hitch. The score is determined by how well you read lines of letters of different sizes from 20 feet away. But being able to read the bottom line on the eye chart does not approximate perfection as far as other species are concerned. Most birds would consider us very visually handicapped. The hawk, for instance, has such sharp eyes that it can spot a dime on the sidewalk while perched on top of the Empire State Building. It can make fine visual distinctions because it is blessed with one million cones per square millimeter in its retina. And in water, humans are farsighted, while the kingfisher, swooping down to spear fish, can see well in both the air and water because it is endowed with two foveae – areas of the eye, consisting mostly of cones, that provide visual distinctions. One foveae permits the bird, while in the air, to scan the water below with one eye at a time. This is called monocular vision. Once it hits the water, the other fovea joins in, allowing the kingfisher to focus both eyes, like binoculars, on its prey at the same time. A frog's vision is distinguished by its ability to perceive things as a constant motion picture. Known as "bug detectors", a highly developed set of cells in a frog's eyes responds mainly to moving objects. So, it is said that a frog sitting in a field of dead bugs wouldn't see them as food and would starve.
The bee has a "compound" eye, which is used for navigation. It has 15,000 facets that divide what it sees into a pattern of dots, or mosaic. With this kind of vision, the bee sees the sun only as a single dot, a constant point of reference. Thus, the eye is a superb navigational instrument that constantly measures the angle of its line of flight in relation to the sun. A bee's eye also gauges flight speed. And if that is not enough to leave our 20/20"perfect vision" paling into insignificance, the bee is capable of seeing something we can't - ultraviolet light. Thus, what humans consider to be "perfect vision" is in fact rather limited when we look at other species. However, there is still much to be said for the human eye. Of all the mammals, only humans and some primates can enjoy the pleasures of color vision.
According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?
A. kingfishers have monocular vision
B. bees see patterns of dots
C. hawks eyes consist mostly of cones that can allow it to scan with one eye at a time
D. humans are farsighted in water
The human criterion for perfect vision is 20/20 for reading the standard lines on a Snellen eye chart without a hitch. The score is determined by how well you read lines of letters of different sizes from 20 feet away. But being able to read the bottom line on the eye chart does not approximate perfection as far as other species are concerned. Most birds would consider us very visually handicapped. The hawk, for instance, has such sharp eyes that it can spot a dime on the sidewalk while perched on top of the Empire State Building. It can make fine visual distinctions because it is blessed with one million cones per square millimeter in its retina. And in water, humans are farsighted, while the kingfisher, swooping down to spear fish, can see well in both the air and water because it is endowed with two foveae – areas of the eye, consisting mostly of cones, that provide visual distinctions. One foveae permits the bird, while in the air, to scan the water below with one eye at a time. This is called monocular vision. Once it hits the water, the other fovea joins in, allowing the kingfisher to focus both eyes, like binoculars, on its prey at the same time. A frog's vision is distinguished by its ability to perceive things as a constant motion picture. Known as "bug detectors", a highly developed set of cells in a frog's eyes responds mainly to moving objects. So, it is said that a frog sitting in a field of dead bugs wouldn't see them as food and would starve.
The bee has a "compound" eye, which is used for navigation. It has 15,000 facets that divide what it sees into a pattern of dots, or mosaic. With this kind of vision, the bee sees the sun only as a single dot, a constant point of reference. Thus, the eye is a superb navigational instrument that constantly measures the angle of its line of flight in relation to the sun. A bee's eye also gauges flight speed. And if that is not enough to leave our 20/20"perfect vision" paling into insignificance, the bee is capable of seeing something we can't - ultraviolet light. Thus, what humans consider to be "perfect vision" is in fact rather limited when we look at other species. However, there is still much to be said for the human eye. Of all the mammals, only humans and some primates can enjoy the pleasures of color vision.
According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?
A. kingfishers have monocular vision
B. bees see patterns of dots
C. hawks eyes consist mostly of cones that can allow it to scan with one eye at a time
D. humans are farsighted in water
Kiến thức: Đọc hiểu
Giải thích:
Theo bài văn, điều nào sau đây KHÔNG đúng?
A. chim bói cá có tầm nhìn một mắt
B. ong nhìn thấy các vết chấm tròn
C. mắt của diều hâu gồm phần lớn các tế bào hình nón mà cho phép nó có thể quét bằng một mắt tại một thời điểm
D. con người bị viễn thị khi ở trong nước
Thông tin: And in water, humans are farsighted, while the kingfisher, swooping down to spear fish, can see well in both the air and water because it is endowed with two foveae – areas of the eye, consisting mostly of cones, that provide visual distinctions. One foveae permits the bird, while in the air, to scan the water below with one eye at a time. The bee has a "compound" eye, which is used for navigation. It has 15,000 facets that divide what it sees into a pattern of dots, or mosaic
Tạm dịch: Và khi ở dưới nước, con người thì bị viễn thị, trong khi chim bói cá, sà xuống để mò cá, có thể nhìn rõ cả không khí và nước bởi vì nó có hai hố mắt – các khu vực của mắt, bao gồm hầu hết các tế bào hình nón, cái mà cung cấp sự phân biệt thị giác. Một hốc mắt cho phép con chim, khi ở trên không, có thể quét nước bên dưới bằng một mắt. Con ong có con mắt "kép", được sử dụng để điều hướng. Nó có 15.000 mắt đơn phân chia những gì nó nhìn thấy thành một mô hình các chấm hoặc khảm.
Giải thích:
Theo bài văn, điều nào sau đây KHÔNG đúng?
A. chim bói cá có tầm nhìn một mắt
B. ong nhìn thấy các vết chấm tròn
C. mắt của diều hâu gồm phần lớn các tế bào hình nón mà cho phép nó có thể quét bằng một mắt tại một thời điểm
D. con người bị viễn thị khi ở trong nước
Thông tin: And in water, humans are farsighted, while the kingfisher, swooping down to spear fish, can see well in both the air and water because it is endowed with two foveae – areas of the eye, consisting mostly of cones, that provide visual distinctions. One foveae permits the bird, while in the air, to scan the water below with one eye at a time. The bee has a "compound" eye, which is used for navigation. It has 15,000 facets that divide what it sees into a pattern of dots, or mosaic
Tạm dịch: Và khi ở dưới nước, con người thì bị viễn thị, trong khi chim bói cá, sà xuống để mò cá, có thể nhìn rõ cả không khí và nước bởi vì nó có hai hố mắt – các khu vực của mắt, bao gồm hầu hết các tế bào hình nón, cái mà cung cấp sự phân biệt thị giác. Một hốc mắt cho phép con chim, khi ở trên không, có thể quét nước bên dưới bằng một mắt. Con ong có con mắt "kép", được sử dụng để điều hướng. Nó có 15.000 mắt đơn phân chia những gì nó nhìn thấy thành một mô hình các chấm hoặc khảm.
Đáp án A.