Google
Câu hỏi: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
Many flowering plants woo insect pollinators and gently direct them to their most fertile blossoms by changing the color of individual flowers from day to day. Through color cues, the plant signals to the insect that it would be better off visiting one flower on its bush than another. The particular hue tells the pollinator that the flower is full of far more pollen than are neighboring blooms. That nectar-rich flower also happens to be fertile and ready to disperse its pollen or to receive pollen the insect has picked up from another flower. Plants do not have to spend precious resources maintaining reservoirs of nectar in all their flowers. Thus, the color-coded communication system benefits both plants and insects.
For example, on the lantana, a flower starts out on the first day as yellow, when it is rich with pollen and nectar. Influenced by an as-yet-unidentified environmental signal, the flower changes color by triggering the production of the pigment anthromyacin. It turns orange on the second day and red on the third. By the third day, it has no pollen to offer insects and is no longer fertile. On any given lantana bush, only 10 to 15 percent of the blossoms are likely to be yellow and fertile. But in tests measuring the responsiveness of butterflies, it was discovered that the insects visited the yellow flowers at least 100 times more than would be expected from the haphazard visitation. Experiments with paper flowers demonstrated that the butterflies were responding to color cues rather than, say, the scent of the nectar.
In other types of plants, blossoms change from white to red, others from yellow to red, and so on. These color changes have been observed in some 74 families of plants.
According to the passage, what is the purpose of the experiments involving paper flowers and painted flowers?
A. to support the ideas that insects respond to the changing color of flowers
B. to strengthen the idea that butterflies are attracted by the smell of flowers
C. to prove that flowers do not always need pollen to reproduce
D. to demonstrate how insects change color depending on the type of flowers they visit
Many flowering plants woo insect pollinators and gently direct them to their most fertile blossoms by changing the color of individual flowers from day to day. Through color cues, the plant signals to the insect that it would be better off visiting one flower on its bush than another. The particular hue tells the pollinator that the flower is full of far more pollen than are neighboring blooms. That nectar-rich flower also happens to be fertile and ready to disperse its pollen or to receive pollen the insect has picked up from another flower. Plants do not have to spend precious resources maintaining reservoirs of nectar in all their flowers. Thus, the color-coded communication system benefits both plants and insects.
For example, on the lantana, a flower starts out on the first day as yellow, when it is rich with pollen and nectar. Influenced by an as-yet-unidentified environmental signal, the flower changes color by triggering the production of the pigment anthromyacin. It turns orange on the second day and red on the third. By the third day, it has no pollen to offer insects and is no longer fertile. On any given lantana bush, only 10 to 15 percent of the blossoms are likely to be yellow and fertile. But in tests measuring the responsiveness of butterflies, it was discovered that the insects visited the yellow flowers at least 100 times more than would be expected from the haphazard visitation. Experiments with paper flowers demonstrated that the butterflies were responding to color cues rather than, say, the scent of the nectar.
In other types of plants, blossoms change from white to red, others from yellow to red, and so on. These color changes have been observed in some 74 families of plants.
According to the passage, what is the purpose of the experiments involving paper flowers and painted flowers?
A. to support the ideas that insects respond to the changing color of flowers
B. to strengthen the idea that butterflies are attracted by the smell of flowers
C. to prove that flowers do not always need pollen to reproduce
D. to demonstrate how insects change color depending on the type of flowers they visit
Kiến thức: Đọc hiểu
Giải thích: Theo đoạn văn, mục đích của các thí nghiệm liên quan đến hoa giấy và hoa màu là gì?
A. để hỗ trợ các ý tưởng rằng côn trùng phản ứng với sự thay đổi màu sắc của hoa
B. để củng cố ý tưởng rằng những con bướm bị thu hút bởi mùi hoa
C. để chứng minh rằng hoa không phải lúc nào cũng cần phấn hoa để sinh sản
D. để chứng minh côn trùng thay đổi màu sắc như thế nào tùy thuộc vào loại hoa mà chúng ghé thăm
Thông tin: Experiments with paper flowers demonstrated that the butterflies were responding to color cues rather than, say, the scent of the nectar.
Tạm dịch: Các thí nghiệm với hoa giấy đã chứng minh rằng những con bướm đang phản ứng với tín hiệu màu sắc hơn là mùi hương của mật hoa.
Giải thích: Theo đoạn văn, mục đích của các thí nghiệm liên quan đến hoa giấy và hoa màu là gì?
A. để hỗ trợ các ý tưởng rằng côn trùng phản ứng với sự thay đổi màu sắc của hoa
B. để củng cố ý tưởng rằng những con bướm bị thu hút bởi mùi hoa
C. để chứng minh rằng hoa không phải lúc nào cũng cần phấn hoa để sinh sản
D. để chứng minh côn trùng thay đổi màu sắc như thế nào tùy thuộc vào loại hoa mà chúng ghé thăm
Thông tin: Experiments with paper flowers demonstrated that the butterflies were responding to color cues rather than, say, the scent of the nectar.
Tạm dịch: Các thí nghiệm với hoa giấy đã chứng minh rằng những con bướm đang phản ứng với tín hiệu màu sắc hơn là mùi hương của mật hoa.
Đáp án A.