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Câu hỏi: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 44 to 50.
Nuclear family, also called elementary family, in sociology and anthropology, is a group of people who are united by ties of partnership and parenthood and consisting of a pair of adults and their socially recognized children. Typically, but not always, the adults in a nuclear family are married. Although such couples are most often a man and a woman, the definition of the nuclear family has expanded with the advent of same-sex marriage. Children in a nuclear family may be the couple’s biological or adopted offspring.
Thus defined, the nuclear family was once widely held to be the most basic and universal form of social organization. Anthropological research, however, has illuminated so much variability of this form that it is safer to assume that what is universal is a “nuclear family complex” in which the roles of husband, wife, mother, father, son, daughter, brother, and sister are embodied by people whose biological relationships do not necessarily conform to the Western definitions of these terms. In matrilineal societies, for example, a child may be the responsibility not of his biological genitor but of his mother’s brother, who fulfills the roles typical of Western fatherhood.
Closely related in form to the predominant nuclear-family unit are the conjugal family and the consanguineal family. As its name implies, the conjugal family is knit together primarily by the marriage tie and consists of mother, father, their children, and some close relatives. The consanguineal family, on the other hand, typically groups itself around a unlineal descent group known as a lineage, a form that reckons kinship through either the father’s or the mother’s line but not both. Whether a culture is patrilineal or matrilineal, a consanguineal family comprises lineage relatives and consists of parents, their children, and their children’s children. Rules regarding lineage exogamy are common in these groups; within a given community, marriages thus create cross-cutting social and political ties between lineages.
The stability of the conjugal family depends on the quality of the marriage of the husband and wife, a relationship that is more emphasized in the kinds of industrialized, highly mobile societies that frequently demand that people reside away from their kin groups. The consanguineal family derives its stability from its corporate nature and its permanence, as its relationships emphasize the perpetuation of the line.
A. a man and a woman
B. a man and a man
C. a woman and a woman
D. children and children
Nuclear family, also called elementary family, in sociology and anthropology, is a group of people who are united by ties of partnership and parenthood and consisting of a pair of adults and their socially recognized children. Typically, but not always, the adults in a nuclear family are married. Although such couples are most often a man and a woman, the definition of the nuclear family has expanded with the advent of same-sex marriage. Children in a nuclear family may be the couple’s biological or adopted offspring.
Thus defined, the nuclear family was once widely held to be the most basic and universal form of social organization. Anthropological research, however, has illuminated so much variability of this form that it is safer to assume that what is universal is a “nuclear family complex” in which the roles of husband, wife, mother, father, son, daughter, brother, and sister are embodied by people whose biological relationships do not necessarily conform to the Western definitions of these terms. In matrilineal societies, for example, a child may be the responsibility not of his biological genitor but of his mother’s brother, who fulfills the roles typical of Western fatherhood.
Closely related in form to the predominant nuclear-family unit are the conjugal family and the consanguineal family. As its name implies, the conjugal family is knit together primarily by the marriage tie and consists of mother, father, their children, and some close relatives. The consanguineal family, on the other hand, typically groups itself around a unlineal descent group known as a lineage, a form that reckons kinship through either the father’s or the mother’s line but not both. Whether a culture is patrilineal or matrilineal, a consanguineal family comprises lineage relatives and consists of parents, their children, and their children’s children. Rules regarding lineage exogamy are common in these groups; within a given community, marriages thus create cross-cutting social and political ties between lineages.
The stability of the conjugal family depends on the quality of the marriage of the husband and wife, a relationship that is more emphasized in the kinds of industrialized, highly mobile societies that frequently demand that people reside away from their kin groups. The consanguineal family derives its stability from its corporate nature and its permanence, as its relationships emphasize the perpetuation of the line.
(Source: https://www.britannica.com/)
According to the passage, the following are members forming a nuclear family, EXCEPT _________.A. a man and a woman
B. a man and a man
C. a woman and a woman
D. children and children
Theo đoạn văn, những người sau đây là thành viên tạo ra một gia đình hạt nhân, ngoại trừ _______.
A. một người đàn ông và một người phụ nữ
B. một người đàn ông và một người đàn ông
C. một người phụ nữ và một người phụ nữ
D. trẻ em và trẻ em
Căn cứ thông tin đoạn 1:
Typically, but not always, the adults in a nuclear family are married. Although such couples are most often a man and a woman, the definition of the nuclear family has expanded with the advent of same-sex marriage. Children in a nuclear family may be the couple’s biological or adopted offspring.
(Thông thường, nhưng không phải tất cả, những người trưởng thành trong một gia đình hạt nhân đã kết hôn với nhau. Mặc dù các cặp vợ chồng như vậy thường là một người đàn ông và một người phụ nữ, nhưng định nghĩa của gia đình hạt nhân đã mở rộng với sự ra đời của hôn nhân đồng giới tính. Con cái trong một gia đình hạt nhân có thể là con cái do họ sinh ra hoặc là con nuôi của cặp đôi.)
A. một người đàn ông và một người phụ nữ
B. một người đàn ông và một người đàn ông
C. một người phụ nữ và một người phụ nữ
D. trẻ em và trẻ em
Căn cứ thông tin đoạn 1:
Typically, but not always, the adults in a nuclear family are married. Although such couples are most often a man and a woman, the definition of the nuclear family has expanded with the advent of same-sex marriage. Children in a nuclear family may be the couple’s biological or adopted offspring.
(Thông thường, nhưng không phải tất cả, những người trưởng thành trong một gia đình hạt nhân đã kết hôn với nhau. Mặc dù các cặp vợ chồng như vậy thường là một người đàn ông và một người phụ nữ, nhưng định nghĩa của gia đình hạt nhân đã mở rộng với sự ra đời của hôn nhân đồng giới tính. Con cái trong một gia đình hạt nhân có thể là con cái do họ sinh ra hoặc là con nuôi của cặp đôi.)
Đáp án D.