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Câu hỏi: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.
TV has transformed politics in the USA by changing the way in which information is disseminated, by altering political campaigns, and by changing citizen's patterns of response to politics. By giving citizens independent access to the candidates, television diminished the role of the political party in the selection of the major party candidates. By centering politics on the person of the candidate, television accelerated the citizen's focus on character rather than issues.
TV has altered the forms of political communication as well. The messages on which most of us rely are briefer than they once were. The stump speech, a political speech given by traveling politicians and lasting 3/2 to 2 hours, which characterized nineteenth-century political discourse, has given way to the 30-second advertisement and the 10 second "sound bite" in broadcast news. Increasingly the audience for speeches is not that standing in front of the politician but rather the viewing audience who will hear and see a snippet of the speech on the news.
In these abbreviated forms, much of what constituted the traditional political discourse of earlier ages has been lost. In 15 or 30 seconds, a speaker cannot establish the historical context that shaped the issue in question, cannot detail the probable causes of the problem, and cannot examine alternative proposals to argue that one is preferable to others. In snippets, politicians assert but do not argue.
Because television is an intimate medium, speaking through it require a changed political style that was more conversational, personal, and visual than that of the old-style stump speech. Reliance on television means that increasingly our political world contains memorable pictures rather than memorable words. Schools teach us to analyze words and print. However, in a word in which politics is increasingly visual, informed citizenship requires a new set of skills.
Recognizing the power of television's pictures, politicians craft televisual, staged events, called pseudo-event, designed to attract media coverage. Much of the political activity we see on television news has been crafted by politicians, their speechwriters, and their public relations advisers for televised consumption. Sound bites in news and answers to questions in debates increasingly sound like advertisements.
According to the passage, as compared with televised speeches, traditional political discourse was more successful at_____________.
A. allowing news coverage of political candidates
B. placing political issues within a historical context
C. making politics seem more intimate to citizens
D. providing detailed information about a candidates private behavior
TV has transformed politics in the USA by changing the way in which information is disseminated, by altering political campaigns, and by changing citizen's patterns of response to politics. By giving citizens independent access to the candidates, television diminished the role of the political party in the selection of the major party candidates. By centering politics on the person of the candidate, television accelerated the citizen's focus on character rather than issues.
TV has altered the forms of political communication as well. The messages on which most of us rely are briefer than they once were. The stump speech, a political speech given by traveling politicians and lasting 3/2 to 2 hours, which characterized nineteenth-century political discourse, has given way to the 30-second advertisement and the 10 second "sound bite" in broadcast news. Increasingly the audience for speeches is not that standing in front of the politician but rather the viewing audience who will hear and see a snippet of the speech on the news.
In these abbreviated forms, much of what constituted the traditional political discourse of earlier ages has been lost. In 15 or 30 seconds, a speaker cannot establish the historical context that shaped the issue in question, cannot detail the probable causes of the problem, and cannot examine alternative proposals to argue that one is preferable to others. In snippets, politicians assert but do not argue.
Because television is an intimate medium, speaking through it require a changed political style that was more conversational, personal, and visual than that of the old-style stump speech. Reliance on television means that increasingly our political world contains memorable pictures rather than memorable words. Schools teach us to analyze words and print. However, in a word in which politics is increasingly visual, informed citizenship requires a new set of skills.
Recognizing the power of television's pictures, politicians craft televisual, staged events, called pseudo-event, designed to attract media coverage. Much of the political activity we see on television news has been crafted by politicians, their speechwriters, and their public relations advisers for televised consumption. Sound bites in news and answers to questions in debates increasingly sound like advertisements.
According to the passage, as compared with televised speeches, traditional political discourse was more successful at_____________.
A. allowing news coverage of political candidates
B. placing political issues within a historical context
C. making politics seem more intimate to citizens
D. providing detailed information about a candidates private behavior
Theo bài đọc, so với các bài diễn văn trên truyền hình, diễn ngôn chính trị truyền thống thành công hơn ở việc_____________.
A. cho phép đưa tin về các ứng cử viên chính trị
B. đặt các vấn đề chính trị trong bối cảnh lịch sử
C. làm cho chính trị dường như gần gũi hơn với công dân
D. cung cấp thông tin chi tiết về hành vi ứng xử riêng của ứng cử viên
Thông tin trong bài: "In these abbreviated forms, much of what constituted the traditional political discourse of earlier ages has been lost. In 15 or 30 seconds, a speaker cannot establish the historical context that shaped the issue in question, cannot detail the probable causes of the problem, and cannot examine alternative proposals to argue that one is preferable to others." (Trong những hình thức bị lược bớt, phần lớn những gì tạo thành diễn ngôn chính trị truyền thống của các thời đại trước đã bị bỏ. Trong 15 hoặc 30 giây, một người nói không thể thiết lập bối cảnh lịch sử hình thành vấn đề đang được đề cập, không thể nêu chi tiết nguyên nhàn có thể xảy ra của vấn đề và không thể kiểm tra các đề xuất thay thế để tranh luận rằng người này được yêu thích hơn người khác.)
A. cho phép đưa tin về các ứng cử viên chính trị
B. đặt các vấn đề chính trị trong bối cảnh lịch sử
C. làm cho chính trị dường như gần gũi hơn với công dân
D. cung cấp thông tin chi tiết về hành vi ứng xử riêng của ứng cử viên
Thông tin trong bài: "In these abbreviated forms, much of what constituted the traditional political discourse of earlier ages has been lost. In 15 or 30 seconds, a speaker cannot establish the historical context that shaped the issue in question, cannot detail the probable causes of the problem, and cannot examine alternative proposals to argue that one is preferable to others." (Trong những hình thức bị lược bớt, phần lớn những gì tạo thành diễn ngôn chính trị truyền thống của các thời đại trước đã bị bỏ. Trong 15 hoặc 30 giây, một người nói không thể thiết lập bối cảnh lịch sử hình thành vấn đề đang được đề cập, không thể nêu chi tiết nguyên nhàn có thể xảy ra của vấn đề và không thể kiểm tra các đề xuất thay thế để tranh luận rằng người này được yêu thích hơn người khác.)
Đáp án B.