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Câu hỏi: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
A newborn baby can see, hear and feel. By the age of five, a child can talk, ride a bike and invent imaginary friends. How does this development happen? We don't understand the way language, thinking and planning develop very well. Now scientists are using new technology to 'see' into children's brains. And they are discovering new information about the way a baby's brain develops.
A study in 2010 showed that the experiences a child has in their first few years affect the development of the brain. It showed that children who received more attention often had higher IQs. The brain of a newborn baby has nearly a hundred billion neurons. This is the same number as an adult's brain. As they grow, a baby receives information through the senses of sight, hearing, smell, taste and touch. This information creates connections between different parts of the brain. At the age of three, there are a hundred trillion connections.
One experiment looked at images of babies' brains while they were listening to different sounds. The sounds were in different sequences. For example, one sequence was mu-ba-ba. This is the pattern 'A-B-B'. Another sequence was mu-ba-ge. This is the pattern 'A-B-C'. The images showed that the part of the brain responsible for speech was more active during A-B-B' patterns. This shows that babies can tell the difference between different patterns. This experiment is interesting because sequences of words are important to grammar and meaning. Compare two sentences with the same words in a different order: John killed the bear' is very different from 'The bear killed John.' So babies are starting to learn grammatical rules from the beginning of life.
Researchers also know that babies need to hear a lot of language in order to understand grammar rules. But there is a big difference between listening to television, audio books or the internet, and interacting with people. One study compared two groups of nine-month-old American babies. One group watched videos of Mandarin Chinese sounds. In the other group, people spoke the same sounds to the babies. The test results showed that the second group could recognise different sounds, however the first group learned nothing. The scientist, Patricia Kuhl, said this result was very surprising. It suggests that social experience is essential to successful brain development in babies.
A. Babies are able to understand grammar rules of a language only in specific period.
B. Children who hear different languages develop differently.
C. Experiments focusing on language have given researchers new information.
D. The development of language is the easiest thing to study in babies.
A newborn baby can see, hear and feel. By the age of five, a child can talk, ride a bike and invent imaginary friends. How does this development happen? We don't understand the way language, thinking and planning develop very well. Now scientists are using new technology to 'see' into children's brains. And they are discovering new information about the way a baby's brain develops.
A study in 2010 showed that the experiences a child has in their first few years affect the development of the brain. It showed that children who received more attention often had higher IQs. The brain of a newborn baby has nearly a hundred billion neurons. This is the same number as an adult's brain. As they grow, a baby receives information through the senses of sight, hearing, smell, taste and touch. This information creates connections between different parts of the brain. At the age of three, there are a hundred trillion connections.
One experiment looked at images of babies' brains while they were listening to different sounds. The sounds were in different sequences. For example, one sequence was mu-ba-ba. This is the pattern 'A-B-B'. Another sequence was mu-ba-ge. This is the pattern 'A-B-C'. The images showed that the part of the brain responsible for speech was more active during A-B-B' patterns. This shows that babies can tell the difference between different patterns. This experiment is interesting because sequences of words are important to grammar and meaning. Compare two sentences with the same words in a different order: John killed the bear' is very different from 'The bear killed John.' So babies are starting to learn grammatical rules from the beginning of life.
Researchers also know that babies need to hear a lot of language in order to understand grammar rules. But there is a big difference between listening to television, audio books or the internet, and interacting with people. One study compared two groups of nine-month-old American babies. One group watched videos of Mandarin Chinese sounds. In the other group, people spoke the same sounds to the babies. The test results showed that the second group could recognise different sounds, however the first group learned nothing. The scientist, Patricia Kuhl, said this result was very surprising. It suggests that social experience is essential to successful brain development in babies.
(Adapted from "Select Readings - Upper Intermediate" by Linda Lee and Erik Gundersen)
According to the article, which statement is true?A. Babies are able to understand grammar rules of a language only in specific period.
B. Children who hear different languages develop differently.
C. Experiments focusing on language have given researchers new information.
D. The development of language is the easiest thing to study in babies.
Giải thích:
Theo bài báo, nhận định nào đúng?
A. Các em bé có thể hiểu quy tắc ngữ pháp của một ngôn ngữ chỉ trong một thời gian cụ thể.
B. Trẻ em nghe các ngôn ngữ khác nhau phát triển một cách khác nhau.
C. Các thí nghiệm tập trung vào ngôn ngữ đã cung cấp cho các nhà nghiên cứu những thông tin mới.
D. Sự phát triển của ngôn ngữ là thứ dễ nhất để nghiên cứu ở em bé.
Thông tin:
One experiment looked at images of babies' brains while they were listening to different sounds. […] This shows that babies can tell the difference between different patterns. […] Researchers also know that babies need to hear a lot of language in order to understand grammar rules. (Một thí nghiệm đã nghiên cứu về hình ảnh não bộ em bé trong khi chúng nghe các loại âm thanh khác nhau. […] Điều này cho thấy rằng các em bé có thể phân biệt giữa các đặc điểm khác nhau. […] Các nhà nghiên cứu cũng thấy rằng các em bé cần nghe nhiều ngôn ngữ để hiểu các quy tắc ngữ pháp.)
Theo bài báo, nhận định nào đúng?
A. Các em bé có thể hiểu quy tắc ngữ pháp của một ngôn ngữ chỉ trong một thời gian cụ thể.
B. Trẻ em nghe các ngôn ngữ khác nhau phát triển một cách khác nhau.
C. Các thí nghiệm tập trung vào ngôn ngữ đã cung cấp cho các nhà nghiên cứu những thông tin mới.
D. Sự phát triển của ngôn ngữ là thứ dễ nhất để nghiên cứu ở em bé.
Thông tin:
One experiment looked at images of babies' brains while they were listening to different sounds. […] This shows that babies can tell the difference between different patterns. […] Researchers also know that babies need to hear a lot of language in order to understand grammar rules. (Một thí nghiệm đã nghiên cứu về hình ảnh não bộ em bé trong khi chúng nghe các loại âm thanh khác nhau. […] Điều này cho thấy rằng các em bé có thể phân biệt giữa các đặc điểm khác nhau. […] Các nhà nghiên cứu cũng thấy rằng các em bé cần nghe nhiều ngôn ngữ để hiểu các quy tắc ngữ pháp.)
Đáp án C.