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Câu hỏi: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
New research shows that long-term changes in diseases in ocean species coincides with decades of widespread environmental change. The paper, "Increases and decreases in marine disease reports in an era of global change," was published Oct. 9 in Proceedings of the Royal Society B.
Understanding oceanic trends is important for evaluating today's threats to marine systems, and disease is an important sentinel of change, according to senior author Drew Harvell, professor of marine biology at Cornell University. "Disease increases and decreases can both be bad news," said lead author Allison Tracy, who studied with Harvell. "The long-term changes in disease that we see here may result from anthropogenic pressure on plants and animals in the ocean." The researchers examined marine infectious disease reports from 1970 to 2013, which transcend short-term fluctuations and regional variation. They examined records of corals, urchins, mammals, decapods, fish, mollusks, sharks, rays, seagrass and turtles.
For corals and urchins, reports of infectious disease increased over the 44-year period. In the Caribbean, increasing coral disease reports correlated with warming events. It is widely known that coral bleaching increases with warming, but Harvell said they have established a long-term connection between warming and coral disease. "We've finally linked a coral killer like infectious disease to repeated warming bouts over four decades of change," she said. "Our study shows that infectious disease reports are associated with warm temperature anomalies in corals on a multi-decadal scale." These results improve understanding of how changing environments alter species interactions, and they provide a solid baseline for health of marine life in the period studied.
(Source: https://www.myvetcandy.com/)
According to paragraph 2, what role does the marine disease play in the oceanic analysis?
A. It reflects the progress in the study of human immunology.
B. It deals with the task of monitoring vector-borne threats.
C. It serves as an indicator of the presence of oceanic changes.
D. It induces changes in fungal communities under the water.
New research shows that long-term changes in diseases in ocean species coincides with decades of widespread environmental change. The paper, "Increases and decreases in marine disease reports in an era of global change," was published Oct. 9 in Proceedings of the Royal Society B.
Understanding oceanic trends is important for evaluating today's threats to marine systems, and disease is an important sentinel of change, according to senior author Drew Harvell, professor of marine biology at Cornell University. "Disease increases and decreases can both be bad news," said lead author Allison Tracy, who studied with Harvell. "The long-term changes in disease that we see here may result from anthropogenic pressure on plants and animals in the ocean." The researchers examined marine infectious disease reports from 1970 to 2013, which transcend short-term fluctuations and regional variation. They examined records of corals, urchins, mammals, decapods, fish, mollusks, sharks, rays, seagrass and turtles.
For corals and urchins, reports of infectious disease increased over the 44-year period. In the Caribbean, increasing coral disease reports correlated with warming events. It is widely known that coral bleaching increases with warming, but Harvell said they have established a long-term connection between warming and coral disease. "We've finally linked a coral killer like infectious disease to repeated warming bouts over four decades of change," she said. "Our study shows that infectious disease reports are associated with warm temperature anomalies in corals on a multi-decadal scale." These results improve understanding of how changing environments alter species interactions, and they provide a solid baseline for health of marine life in the period studied.
(Source: https://www.myvetcandy.com/)
According to paragraph 2, what role does the marine disease play in the oceanic analysis?
A. It reflects the progress in the study of human immunology.
B. It deals with the task of monitoring vector-borne threats.
C. It serves as an indicator of the presence of oceanic changes.
D. It induces changes in fungal communities under the water.
Theo đoạn 2, bệnh sinh vật biển có vai trò gì trong việc phân tích đại dương?
A. Nó phản ánh sự tiến bộ trong nghiên cứu về miễn dịch học của con người
B. Nó liên quan đến nhiệm vụ giám sát các mối đe dọa từ vector
C. Nó giống như là một chỉ báo về sự xuất hiện của những thay đổi trong đại dương
D. Nó gây ra những thay đổi trong cộng đồng nấm dưới nước
Căn cứ vào thông tin đoạn hai:
Understanding oceanic trends is important for evaluating today's threats to marine systems, and disease is an important sentinel of change, according to senior author Drew Harvell, professor of marine biology at Cornell University. (Hiểu xu hướng đại dương rất quan trọng để đánh giá các mối đe dọa ngày nay đối với các hệ thống ở biển và bệnh dịch là một nguyên nhân quan trọng của sự thay đổi, theo tác giả cao cấp Drew Harvell, giáo sư sinh học biển tại Đại học Cornell.)
A. Nó phản ánh sự tiến bộ trong nghiên cứu về miễn dịch học của con người
B. Nó liên quan đến nhiệm vụ giám sát các mối đe dọa từ vector
C. Nó giống như là một chỉ báo về sự xuất hiện của những thay đổi trong đại dương
D. Nó gây ra những thay đổi trong cộng đồng nấm dưới nước
Căn cứ vào thông tin đoạn hai:
Understanding oceanic trends is important for evaluating today's threats to marine systems, and disease is an important sentinel of change, according to senior author Drew Harvell, professor of marine biology at Cornell University. (Hiểu xu hướng đại dương rất quan trọng để đánh giá các mối đe dọa ngày nay đối với các hệ thống ở biển và bệnh dịch là một nguyên nhân quan trọng của sự thay đổi, theo tác giả cao cấp Drew Harvell, giáo sư sinh học biển tại Đại học Cornell.)
Đáp án C.